Staging of Lung Cancer

Groot, Patricia M. de; Carter, Brett; Cuellar, Sonia L. Betancourt; Erasmus, Jeremy J.

doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2015.02.004

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 105 publications

(103 reference statements)

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“…This means that the difference is increased in tumors smaller than 2 cm [5]. In another study, it reported an increase in tumor size in 18-20% [6]. However, this rate was lower in our study than the literature (8%).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 76%

“…This lack of CT sensitivity and specificity is a limitation in the staging and surgical planning of the patients with primary tumors involving the pleura or chest wall [3]. Thoracic wall and pleural invasion can be performed more clearly on MR images (92% accuracy) [6]. However, when thin sections are provided, coronal reformat images (with an accuracy of 80%) also yield close results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reformate images in lung cancer: Are axial images enough in preoperative evaluation?

2020

Ann Clin Anal Med

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Aim: The T descriptor not only reflects a potentially different prognosis but may also change treatment. Unfortunately, due to workload and time constraints, many clinicians only evaluate axial plans preoperatively. Since the longest tumor axis is not always aligned with the axial, we assessed the longest measured dimension of the entire tumor on reconstructed computed tomography (CT) in the lung window setting. Methods: The study included 57 out of 99 consecutive patients who underwent complete resection due to lung cancer between January 2008 and December 2012. Forty-two patients were excluded as the inoperable, and lesion was regressed after adjuvant chemotherapy. During the three years of follow-up, ten cases died. Results: In the comparison differences between the tumor diameter in CT (p=0.02), the pathological tumor diameter (p=0.003) were found statistically significant. Localization was evaluated as incorrect in four cases. Other planes gave the most accurate results in determining the localization. In the best way, fissure invasion was detected in the sagittal plane, while the pleural invasion was discovered in the coronal plane but missed on axial. As for the lesion size was 8% more than the axial, and this difference was less in the others. Although axial is significantly different from other groups (p<0.01); because of this, the stage of only two patients changed. Discussion: Reformat imaging provided more information about the tumor and hence the prognosis. Mainly, Thoracic wall, pleural invasions in centers without Magnetic Resonance Imaging or patients it cannot be used alternatively, and fissures were determined more precisely.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reformate images in lung cancer: Are axial images enough in preoperative evaluation?

2020

Ann Clin Anal Med

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“…Metastatic disease across tumor histologies remains largely incurable despite significant recent advances in oncologic therapies (1). Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths and represents a prime example of a malignancy for which metastatic disease has markedly worse outcomes as compared to nonmetastatic disease (2). The concept of oligometastatic disease was introduced just over two decades ago and has been expanded to a multitude of cancer histologies including NSCLC (3,4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic significance of sites of extrathoracic metastasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer

Bates

Milano

2017

J. Thorac. Dis.

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“…Part-solid lesions should be measured on the image or images demonstrating the largest average tumor diameter and the largest diameter of the solid component. Although long-axis and short-axis measurements may be recorded for all lesions, only the longest diameter for solid and nonsolid lesions and the longest diameter of the solid component for part-solid lesions should be used for staging purposes (5,8,26,35).…”

Section: Tumor Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisions to the TNM Staging of Lung Cancer: Rationale, Significance, and Clinical Application

et al. 2018

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Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. To formulate effective treatment strategies and optimize patient outcomes, accurate staging is essential. Lung cancer staging has traditionally relied on a TNM staging system, for which the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) has recently proposed changes. The revised classification for this eighth edition of the TNM staging system (TNM-8) is based on detailed analysis of a new large international database of lung cancer cases assembled by the IASLC for the purposes of this project. Fundamental changes incorporated into TNM-8 include (a) modifications to the T classification on the basis of 1-cm increments in tumor size; (b) grouping of lung cancers that result in partial or complete lung atelectasis or pneumonitis; (c) grouping of tumors with involvement of a main bronchus irrespective of distance from the carina; (d) reassignment of diaphragmatic invasion in terms of T classification; (e) elimination of mediastinal pleural invasion from the T classification; and (f) subdivision of the M classification into different descriptors on the basis of the number and site of extrathoracic metastases. In response to these revisions, established stage groups have been modified, and others have been created. In addition, recommendations for classifying patterns of disease that result in multiple sites of pulmonary involvement, including multiple primary lung cancers, lung cancers with separate tumor nodules, multiple ground-glass/lepidic lesions, and consolidation, as well as recommendations for lesion measurement, are addressed. Understanding the key revisions introduced in TNM-8 allows radiologists to accurately stage patients with lung cancer and optimize therapy. © RSNA, 2018 • Abbreviations: FDG = fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose, IASLC = International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, NSCLC = non-small cell lung carcinoma, pN = pathologic lymph node, SCLC = small cell lung carcinoma, TNM-7 = seventh edition of the TNM staging system, TNM-8 = eighth edition of the TNM staging system RadioGraphics 2018; 38:374-391 ). © RSNA, 2018After completing this journal-based SA-CME activity, participants will be able to:Describe the rationale and methodology for the development of TNM-8 for lung cancer. ■ Describe the T, N, and M descriptors and stage groups in TNM-8. ■ Discuss how to use the classification and staging systems to properly characterize and stage lung cancers with multiple pulmonary sites of involvement. See www.rsna.org/education/search/RG. SA-CME LEARNING OBJECTIVESThis copy is for personal use only. To order printed copies, contact reprints@rsna.org RG • Volume 38 Number 2Carter et al 375

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Staging of Lung Cancer

Cited by 19 publications

References 105 publications

Reformate images in lung cancer: Are axial images enough in preoperative evaluation?

Reformate images in lung cancer: Are axial images enough in preoperative evaluation?

Prognostic significance of sites of extrathoracic metastasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer

Revisions to the TNM Staging of Lung Cancer: Rationale, Significance, and Clinical Application

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