Staging for Breast Cancer With Internal Mammary Lymph Nodes Metastasis: Utility of Incorporating Biologic Factors

Lian, Chen-Lu; Zhang, Haiyan; Wang, Jun; Lei, Jian; Li, Hua; Chen, Yongxiong; Wu, San‐Gang

doi:10.3389/fonc.2020.584009

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In previous studies, grade III disease, perineural invasion, LNP ≥20, and LNR ≥0.9 were found to be associated with the OS and disease-free survival of N3a stage breast cancer [ 28 , 29 ]. For N3b stage breast cancer, pathological prognostic staging was an independent predictor related to OS and DSS [ 30 ]. In addition, there was no significant difference in the discrimination ability of DSS among patients with different N3 stages in our study ( P > 0.05).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nontherapeutic Risk Factors of Different Grouped Stage IIIC Breast Cancer Patients’ Mortality: A Study of the US Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database

et al. 2022

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Objectives. Stage IIIC breast cancer, as a local advanced breast cancer, has a poor prognosis compared with that of early breast cancer. We further investigated the risk factors of mortality in stage IIIC primary breast cancer patients and their predictive value. Methods. We extracted data from the US Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database of female patients with stage IIIC primary breast cancer (n = 1673) from January 2011 to December 2015. Results. Hormone receptor negativity ( P ≤ 0.001 and P ≤ 0.001 , respectively), aggressive molecular typing ( P ≤ 0.001 and P ≤ 0.001 , respectively), high T stage ( P ≤ 0.001 and P ≤ 0.001 , respectively), a high number of positive lymph nodes (≥14) ( P = 0.005 and P = 0.001 , respectively), and lymph node ratio (≥0.8148) ( P ≤ 0.001 and P ≤ 0.001 , respectively) were associated with poor disease-specific survival. The indicators of disease-specific survival included estrogen receptor status, progesterone receptor status, molecular typing, T stage, number of positive lymph nodes, and lymph node ratio ( P ≤ 0.001 , P ≤ 0.001 , P ≤ 0.001 , P ≤ 0.001 , P = 0.002 , and P ≤ 0.001 , respectively). Conclusion. Hormone receptor negativity, aggressive molecular typing, high T stage, high number of positive lymph nodes, and lymph node ratio are poor prognostic factors patients with stage IIIC primary breast cancer. The efficient indicators of disease-specific survival include estrogen receptor status, progesterone receptor status, molecular typing, T stage, number of positive lymph nodes, and lymph node ratio.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nontherapeutic Risk Factors of Different Grouped Stage IIIC Breast Cancer Patients’ Mortality: A Study of the US Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database

et al. 2022

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“…Breast malignancy is a complex disease with a variety of subtypes and clinical outcomes [ 9 ], and the effects of tumor site on tumor stage have not been well investigated in our Pakistani population. The current study evaluated the relationship between breast cancer stage and tumor site to distinguish these individuals and assess prognosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation Between Site and Stage of Breast Cancer in Women

Shah¹,

Haider²,

Abro³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Breast cancer is a worldwide public health issue and a primary cause of death among women. The present study aimed to assess the correlation between site and stage of breast cancer with respect to age among females. MethodsA prospective observational study was conducted at the Medical Oncology Department, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, Pakistan from May 2020 to June 2021. Female patients of 18 years or older with a confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer were included in the study. Histopathological reports were evaluated for tumor characteristics such as histological type, laterality, location, tumor size, grade, lymph node status, and stage of the tumor. ResultsThe majority of the patients presented with advanced stages of tumor. Among all stages of breast tumor, the upper outer quadrant was the most frequent location of the tumor. The majority of the patients with cancer in the upper inner quadrant were diagnosed with stage I (28.57%) (p = 0.011). In contrast, the majority of the upper outer quadrant lesions were identified as stage III and stage IV (p < 0.0001). In patients of age <40 years, statistically significant differences in proportions of tumor location with respect to the stage of the tumor were observed (p = 0.018). ConclusionThe upper outer quadrant and stage III of tumor are the most common site and stage of breast tumor in our population. There is a significant relationship between site and stage of breast tumor. Younger-aged patients had a significantly higher rate of cancers located in the upper outer quadrant in advance stages as compared to other quadrants.

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“…According to the NCCN guidelines, patients with negative ipsilateral axillary lymph nodes (ALNs) should still be classified as N2 if an ipsilateral internal mammary lymph node (IMLN) is positive, while patients with ipsilateral positive IMLNs and ALNs are N3 (3). Hence, IMLN metastasis has a prognostic significance independent from the ALN status (4)(5)(6). Therefore, the internal mammary sentinel lymph nodes (IM-SLNs) in breast cancer are significant for TMN staging and formulating the treatment regimens, and patients with positive IM-SLNs will be eligible for more aggressive therapies even in the absence of positive axillary sentinel lymph nodes (A-SLNs) (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

99mTc-rituximab tracer injection for guiding internal mammary sentinel lymph nodes biopsy in primary breast cancer: A prospective observational study

Chen

Su²,

Zhang³

et al. 2023

Front. Oncol.

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ObjectiveTo explore the use of 99mTc-rituximab tracer injection for internal mammary sentinel lymph node (IM-SLN) detection in patients with primary breast cancer.MethodsThis prospective observational study enrolled female patients with primary breast cancer between September 2017 and June 2022 at Fujian Provincial Hospital. The participants were divided into the peritumoral group (two subcutaneous injection points on the surface of the tumor), two-site group (injections into the glands at 6 and 12 o’clock around the areola area), and four-site group (injections into the gland at 3, 6, 9, and 12 o’clock around the areola area). The outcomes were the detection rates of the IM-SLNs and axillary sentinel lymph nodes (A-SLNs).ResultsFinally, 133 patients were enrolled, including 53 in the peritumoral group, 60 in the two-site group, and 20 in the four-site group. The detection rate of the IM-SLNs in the peritumoral group (9.4% [5/53]) was significantly lower than in the two-site (61.7% [37/60], P<0.001) and four-site (50.0% [10/20], P<0.001) groups. The detection rates of A-SLNs among the three groups were comparable (P=0.436).ConclusionThe two-site or four-site intra-gland injection of 99mTc-rituximab tracer might achieve a higher detection rate of IM-SLNs and a comparable detection rate of A-SLNs compared with the peritumoral method. The location of the primary focus has no impact on the detection rate of the IM-SLNs.

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Staging for Breast Cancer With Internal Mammary Lymph Nodes Metastasis: Utility of Incorporating Biologic Factors

Cited by 3 publications

References 32 publications

Nontherapeutic Risk Factors of Different Grouped Stage IIIC Breast Cancer Patients’ Mortality: A Study of the US Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database

Nontherapeutic Risk Factors of Different Grouped Stage IIIC Breast Cancer Patients’ Mortality: A Study of the US Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database

Correlation Between Site and Stage of Breast Cancer in Women

99mTc-rituximab tracer injection for guiding internal mammary sentinel lymph nodes biopsy in primary breast cancer: A prospective observational study

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