Staging and Ageing of Mammalian Embryos and Fetuses

Stĕrba, O

doi:10.2754/avb199564010083

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…For example, the Carnegie System has 23 stages for the development of human prenatals (O'Rahilly and Gardner, ), with 24 stages for the prenatal development of the laboratory mouse, laboratory rat, the Chinese hamster, and the domestic rabbit (Dyban et al, ). In contrast, the system of Štěrba () has only six stages for the embryonic period and seven for the fetal period. Still, there is no “common language for defining developmental characters” (Werneburg, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prenatal cranial ossification of the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae)

Hampe

Franke

Hipsley

et al. 2015

Journal of Morphology

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Being descendants of small terrestrial ungulate mammals, whales underwent enormous transformations during their evolutionary history, that is, extensive changes in anatomy, physiology, and behavior were evolved during secondary adaptations to life in water. However, still only little is known about whale ontogenetic development, which help to identify the timing and sequence of critical evolutionary events, such as modification of the cetacean ear. This is particularly true for baleen whales (Mysticeti), the group including the humpback whale Megaptera novaeangliae. We use high-resolution X-ray computed tomography to reinvestigate humpback whale fetuses from the Kükenthal collection at the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, thus, extending historic descriptions of their skeletogenesis and providing for the first time sequences of cranial ossification for this species. Principally, the ossification sequence of prenatal Megaptera follows a typical mammalian pattern with the anterior dermal bones being the first ossifying elements in the skull, starting with the dentary. In contrast to other mammals, the ectotympanic bone ossifies at an early stage. Alveolar structure can be observed in both the maxillae and dentaries in these early prenatal specimens but evidence for teeth is lacking. Although the possibility of obtaining new embryological material is unlikely due to conservation issues, our study shows that reexamination of existing specimens employing new technologies still holds promise for filling gaps in our knowledge of whale evolution and ontogeny.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The intrauterine development of mammals varies remarkably from only 16 days up to 15–17 months (Štěrba, ). For a comparative study of development, the size of the embryos and fetuses is not an ideal character owing to variation in the absolute rates of development (Smith, ; Roston et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal cranial ossification of the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae)

Hampe

Franke

Hipsley

et al. 2015

Journal of Morphology

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“…The specimens were fixed in a 4% formaldehyde solution and staged according toŠtěrba [11]. This method allows the comparison of prenatal developmental stages in different mammals based on morphological criteria.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Lateral Enamel Lamina--Component of Tooth Primordia in Selected Mammalian Species

Witter

Matulová

Mı́šek

2002

Connective Tissue Research

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The lateral enamel lamina (LEL) is a part of the enamel organ, which is probably not involved in tooth formation. It represents, besides the "stalk" of the tooth primordium, a second interconnection between enamel organ and oral epithelium or vestibular lamina. We detected the LEL in the sheep (Ovis aries), the dolphin (Stenella attenuata), and the vole (Microtus agrestis) by light microscopy and computer-aided three-dimensional reconstruction. The LEL could be found in cap to bell stage tooth primordia, most clearly in slowly developing tooth germs. LEL-like structures have been furthermore described or depicted in tooth germs of the mouse, the elk (Alces alces), the dugong (Dugong dugong), the elephant (Loxodonta africana), and the human. Probably it is a part of all mammalian tooth primordia that undergoes regression during morphogenesis of the enamel organ. As a reducing structure, it should be considered in studies of tooth development.

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“…Nevertheless, many have been published in recent years. Among them are staging systems for embryos of bats (Cretekos et al, 2005; Tokita, 2006), cetaceans (Štěrba et al, 2012), pigs (Kamstrup et al, 2020), humans (O'Rahilly & Müller, 2010), tenrecs (Werneburg et al, 2013), and rodents (Downs & Davies, 1993), as well as a variety of other mammalian species (Butler & Juurlink, 2018; Štěrba, 1995).…”

Section: Contemporary Research: Some Examplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological research on amniote eggs and embryos: An introduction and historical retrospective

Blackburn

Stewart

2021

Journal of Morphology

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Evolution of the terrestrial egg of amniotes (reptiles, birds, and mammals) is often considered to be one of the most significant events in vertebrate history. Presence of an eggshell, fetal membranes, and a sizeable yolk allowed this egg to develop on land and hatch out well-developed, terrestrial offspring. For centuries, morphologicallybased studies have provided valuable information about the eggs of amniotes and the embryos that develop from them. This review explores the history of such investigations, as a contribution to this special issue of Journal of Morphology, titled Developmental Morphology and Evolution of Amniote Eggs and Embryos. Anatomically-based investigations are surveyed from the ancient Greeks through the Scientific Revolution, followed by the 19th and early 20th centuries, with a focus on major findings of historical figures who have contributed significantly to our knowledge. Recent research on various aspects of amniote eggs is summarized, including gastrulation, egg shape and eggshell morphology, eggs of Mesozoic dinosaurs, sauropsid yolk sacs, squamate placentation, embryogenesis, and the phylotypic phase of embryonic development. As documented in this review, studies on amniote eggs and embryos have relied heavily on morphological approaches in order to answer functional and evolutionary questions.

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Staging and Ageing of Mammalian Embryos and Fetuses

Cited by 20 publications

References 6 publications

Prenatal cranial ossification of the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae)

Prenatal cranial ossification of the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae)

The Lateral Enamel Lamina--Component of Tooth Primordia in Selected Mammalian Species

Morphological research on amniote eggs and embryos: An introduction and historical retrospective

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