Stages and rate of the gravel shattering process by salts in desert Reg soils

Amit, Rivka; Gerson, Ran; Yaalon, Dan H.

doi:10.1016/0016-7061(93)90011-9

Cited by 111 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Generally, the soil on the Sayif 1 beach ridge displays more mature characteristics (e.g. thickness of soil profile, horizonation, gypsum and halite deposition, depth of accumulation, and grain size distribution; Amit et al, 1993) than the soil on Sayif 3 beach ridge (Figure 4), as expected from the stratigraphic order of the beach ridges.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Complex exposure histories of chert clasts in the late Pleistocene shorelines of Lake Lisan, southern Israel

Matmon

Crouvi

Enzel

et al. 2003

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Activities of 26 Al and 10 Be in five chert clasts sampled from two beach ridges of late Pleistocene Lake Lisan, precursor of the Dead Sea in southern Israel, indicate low rates of chert bedrock erosion and complex exposure, burial, and by inference, transport histories. The chert clasts were derived from the Senonian Mishash Formation, a chert-bearing chalk, which is widely exposed in the Nahal Zin drainage basin, the drainage system that supplied most of the material to the beach ridges.Simple exposure ages, assuming only exposure at the beach ridge sampling sites, range from 35 to 354 ky; using the ratio 26 Al/ 10 Be, total clast histories range from 0Ð46 to 4Ð3 My, unrelated to the clasts' current position and exposure period on the late Pleistocene beach ridges, 160-177 m below sea level. Optically stimulated luminescence dating of fine sediments from the same and nearby beach ridges yielded ages of 20Ð0 š 1Ð4 ka and 36Ð1 š 3Ð3 ka. These ages are supported by the degree of soil development on the beach ridges and correspond well with previously determined ages of Lake Lisan, which suggest that the lake reached its highest stand around 27 000 cal. years BP. If the clasts were exposed only once and than buried beyond the range of significant cosmogenic nuclide production, then the minimum initial exposure and the total burial times before delivery to the beach ridge are in the ranges 50-1300 ky and 390-3130 ky respectively. Alternatively, the initial cosmogenic dosing could have occurred during steady erosion of the source bedrock. Back calculating such rates of rock erosion suggests values between 0Ð4 and 12 m My 1 . The relatively long burial periods indicate extended sediment storage as colluvium on slopes and/or as alluvial deposits in river terraces. Some clasts may have been stored for long periods in abandoned Pliocene and early Pleistocene routes of Nahal Zin to the Mediterranean before being transported again back into the Nahal Zin drainage system and washed on to the shores of Lake Lisan during the late Pleistocene.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Complex exposure histories of chert clasts in the late Pleistocene shorelines of Lake Lisan, southern Israel

Matmon

Crouvi

Enzel

et al. 2003

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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“…Several theories have been advanced for the origin of desert pavements (Cooke, 1970), aeolian winnowing of fine material and wetting and drying of the fines, causing swelling and contraction, which in turn causes the clasts to rise through the fine material, but the general consensus now is that mechanical weathering of the clasts occurs concurrently with the aeolian accumulation of dust to form the pavement and the underlying Av soil horizon (McFadden, Wells and Jercinavich, 1987;McFadden et al, 1999). Pavement development is time-dependent (Yaalon, 1970;Dan et al, 1982;Amit and Gerson, 1986;Amit, Gerson and Yaalon, 1993). Any initial depositional morphology, e.g.…”

Section: Post-depositional Modification Of Dry-region Fan Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dryland Alluvial Fans

Harvey

2011

Arid Zone Geomorphology

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“…While it is true that radiocarbon dating has been effectively applied to late Pleistocene or Holocene sequences of alluvial-fan development in humid regions (Brazier et al 1988;Chiverrell et al in press), the precise dating of dryregion alluvial fans over longer timescales has always been a problem. Traditional methods have involved the mapping and correlation of fan surfaces on the basis of relative age, expressed through desert pavement or soil development especially of calcreted surfaces (Lattman 1973;Harden 1982;Machette 1985;McFadden et al 1989;Amit et al 1993;Alonso-Zarza et al 1998;AI-Farraj & Harvey 2000). In some cases fan sequences have been correlated with dated lake or coastal sediments (Harvey et al 1999a, b).…”

Section: Dynamics Of Quaternary Alluvial Fansmentioning

confidence: 99%