Stage Models for Moving from E-Government to Smart Government

Abstract

The emergence of super-applications is a complete game changer in how future governments will deliver e-services and interact with their citizens. With respect to this, the scope of currently established e-government stage models is exhausted. Therefore, this article proposes a "provident stage" as an extension of the Layne and Lee stage model, that adequately addresses the rapid technological development and evolvement of mobile-and smart-government solutions. We argue that super-applications can drive the transformation of egovernment towards a yet unforeseen quality level: smart government. This article discusses that transition process, the influence of mobile government solutions in this as well as emerging citizens' expectations for modern government service delivery.

On State-Level Architecture of Digital Government Ecosystems: From ICT-Driven to Data-Centric

“…The case study provided by the UN Survey is frightening in this regard, i.e., "The data-centric online-offline integration of digital government in Shanghai" (Box 6.1, p. 157 [67]). The digital government described in this success story incorporates the super-application [43] WeChata central building block of China's futuristic next-generation citizen surveillance programme, see the respective Human Rights Watch web page 4 , compare also with, e.g., [49,2]. The Gartner Group Report of Andrea Di Maio [14], which is given as reference for the data-centric digital government by the UN survey, does not help clarifying the concept of people centricity -it does not mention the notion of people-centric at all.…”

“…Following the minimality principle, we would expect that critical data are usually master data; whenever it comes, e.g., to log data, trajectory data, or any kind of aggregated personal data, we would expect that a consent principle is granted. Super-application such as Tencent's WeChat in China, as we have described in [43], are the counterexample. We would not count such an application as digital government.…”

Unraveling the Social-Technical Complexity of Dashboards for Transformation

“…However, those situations will not bring digital transformation to a further stage and will not contribute significantly to the transparency requested by the citizen as they do not provide the information that is required, or only provide it in part in order to withhold information. This approach does not create change in terms of building trust and openness with governments [9].…”

Making e-Government Work: Learning from the Netherlands and Estonia

“…Across the globe, demands on public services are increasing at a fast pace, partly due to the widespread availability of new technologies and higher expectations from digitally-savvy citizens. Citizens expect personalized customer journeys at all levels of government, as they have become accustomed to smartphone-empowered lives 1 . New digital data exchange infrastructure are essential for broader service access as well as the provision of signicant benets to service users at a reduced cost.…”