Stachys pilifera Benth. Ameliorates Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Rats through the Antioxidant Pathways

Abstract

Background and Aim. Fibrosis of the lungs is an interstitial lung disease whose diagnosis and treatment are not well-established. Stachys pilifera Benth. (Lamiaceae) has been proven to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study was performed to determine the effect of S. pilifera extract on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. Methods. In this experimental study, 35 male Wistar rats (120–180 g) were divided into five groups (n = 7) as follows: intratracheal instillation of bleomycin (BLM, 7.5 IU/kg) was administered to group II. The third and fourth groups received BLM plus Stachys pilifera hydroalcoholic extract (SPHE) (300 mg/kg/day, gavage). Vitamin E (500 mg/kg/day, gavage) was given to group V in addition to BLM. After 14 days, the animals were euthanized to assess biochemical parameters and lung histopathology. Malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), total thiol (TSH), and glutathione (GSH) levels were measured. In addition, hydroxyproline (HYP) levels along with histological changes in lung tissue were also assessed. Results. MDA, NO, and HYP elevations induced by BLM toxicity were significantly inhibited by SPHE (300 and 600 mg/kg), and Vit E. SPHE also significantly increased GSH and TSH levels in comparison to the BLM group.HPLC analyses showed the presence of thymol (55.47 ng/mL) and carvacrol (109.91 ng/mL) in SPHE as potential bioactive phenolic compounds. Conclusion. The results suggest that SPHE alleviates the development of BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the proliferation of fibroblasts mediated by antioxidant pathways. Other mechanisms underlying this Effect of SPHE need to be clarified through further research.

Betulin-rich hydroalcoholic extract of Daphne oleoides attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rat

“…In this study, BLM administered intratracheally decreased animal weight and increased body lung index, which agreed with previous findings [ 27 ]. In accordance with earlier reports, these effects may be caused by the impact of BLM on appetite and protein catabolism [ 2 ].…”

“…The Tietze method was used to determine glutathione. In this method, an enzyme cycle in which glutathione reductase (GR) plays an important role is used to quantify the glutathione present [ 2 ].…”

“…Although the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis remains unclear, It has been reported that releasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) by activated pro-inflammatory cells leads to lung injury. Furthermore, extracellular matrix proteins are released due to the fibroblast activation that destroys the normal structure of the pulmonary [ 2 ].…”

Syringic Acid ameliorates Bleomycin induced Pulmonary Inflammation and Fibrosis in rats via maintenance of endogenous anti-oxidants and downregulation of pro-inflammatory markers

“…In line with earlier research, BLM given intratracheally reduced animal weight and raised body lung index in our investigation [36]. According to previous research, BLM's effects on hunger and protein catabolism may be the cause of these effects [37]. Previous research indicates that during the early stages of pulmonary brosis, the in ammatory responses stimulate and facilitate damage to the cells that line capillaries and alveolar epithelium.…”

Melatonin-Attenuated Oxidative Stress in High-Risk Pregnant Women Receiving Enoxaparin and Aspirin

“…The plasma MDA level was estimated using the TBA reaction assay [ 20 ]. The total thiol (T-SH) level was measured based on the reaction with DTNB [ 21 ].…”