Stable overexpression and targeted gene deletion of the causative agent of ash dieback Hymenoscyphus fraxineus

Lutz, Tobias; Hadeler, Birgit; Jaeckel, Mareike; Schulz, Barbara; Heinze, Cornelia

doi:10.1186/s40694-023-00149-y

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 32 publications

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“…It was initially hoped that the mycovirus Hymenoscyphus mitovirus 1 could be used as a similar biocontrol agent for H . fraxineus ; however, studies have proved it to be ineffective (Lutz et al., 2023; Orton et al., 2018).…”

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ash dieback: From Asia to Europe

Carroll,

Boa

2024

Plant Pathology

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Ash dieback is a disease caused by the fungal pathogen Hymenoscyphus fraxineus. Since its emergence in the 1990s, this pandemic disease has spread throughout much of the native range of its host species, the European ash (Fraxinus excelsior). Where present, it can kill up to 85% of ash trees. The loss of these trees has had an enormous impact, particularly in Britain and Ireland where they formed an integral component of wood and farmland, supporting complex communities of other species. Thanks in part to widespread public interest, the ash dieback pandemic has also had a large political impact, leading to changes in the management of plant diseases. Now, three decades after the emergence of the disease, ambitious projects to breed tolerant plants, and evidence of natural selection for resistance, give hope for the recovery of European ash. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the history of the ash dieback pandemic, from its emergence to current efforts to mitigate its effects. We discuss the emergence of ash dieback and the wide body of research that has led to our current understanding of the disease. We question which aspects of the disease have led to it holding a particular interest to the public. With a focus on the islands of Britain and Ireland, we discuss how this has driven changes in the management of plant diseases, which may give hope for the control of emerging pathogens in the future.

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Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ash dieback: From Asia to Europe

Carroll,

Boa

2024

Plant Pathology

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Unveiling the Antimicrobial and Larvicidal Potential of Butyrolactones and Orsellinic Acid Derivatives from the Morus alba‐derived Fungus Aspergillus terreus via Integrated In vitro and In silico Approaches

Amr,

Elissawy,

Ibrahim

et al. 2024

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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The emergence of multi‐drug‐resistant microbial strains spurred the search for antimicrobial agents; as a result, two distinct approaches were combined: four in vitro studies and four corresponding molecular docking investigations. Antituberculosis, anti‐methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (anti‐MRSA), antifungal, and larvicidal activities of the crude extract, two fractions, and seven isolated compounds from Aspergillus terreus derived from Morus alba roots were explored. The isolated compounds (5 butyrolactones and 2 orsellinic acid derivatives) showed potent to moderate antitubercular activity with MIC values ranging from 1.95 to 62.5 µg/mL (compared to isoniazid, 0.24 µg/mL) and promising anti‐MRSA potential with inhibition zone diameters ranging from 8 to 25 mm. Additionally, the in silico study proved that the isolated compounds bind to the two corresponding proteins’ active sites with high to moderate –(C‐Docker interaction energies) and stable interactions. The isolated compounds displayed antifungal activities against different fungal strains at diverse degrees of activity, among them compound (8"S,9")‐dihydroxy‐dihydrobutyrolactone I eliciting the best antifungal activity. Meanwhile, all isolated compounds, fractions, and the crude extract demonstrated extremely selective potent to moderate activity against Cryptococcus neoformans. The isolated five butyrolactone derivatives could develop potential mosquito larvicidal agents as a result of promising docking outcomes in the larval enzyme carboxylesterase.

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Evaluation and identification of viruses for biocontrol of the ash dieback disease

Lutz,

Ridley,

Hadeler

et al. 2023

J Plant Dis Prot

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The invasive ascomycete Hymenoscyphus fraxineus is the causative agent for ash dieback on the European species Fraxinus excelsior and Fraxinus angustifolia, and there is concern that it is going to replace the native, closely related and nonpathogenic Hymenoscyphus albidus. Fungal management in forests is limited, and alternative approaches for control are needed. Within the scope of the project “FraxForFuture”, several strategies are being investigated. One idea comprises the use of a viral hyperparasite, which can induce a reduced virulence in the fungal host H. fraxineus in an antagonist-like system. This phenomenon, the reduction of fungal virulence by a viral infection, is known as hypovirulence, and a similar method has already been established to control the Chestnut Blight in Europe. We examined 34 isolates of H. fraxineus for both their virulence and presence of a viral infection. Although a predominant number of isolates were found to be infected with Hymenoscyphus mitovirus 1 (HfMV1), no additional viruses were detected, and our data did not indicate a link to reduced virulence. The search for a viral infection was extended to one isolate of H. albidus in which we found and characterized a novel mycovirus. Based on phylogenetic analysis and sequence properties, it was assigned to the genus Victorivirus in the family of Totiviridae and was tentatively denominated as Hymenoscyphus albidus victorivirus 1. This novel and native mycovirus might be suitable for inducing hypovirulence in H. fraxineus as a biocide.

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Stable overexpression and targeted gene deletion of the causative agent of ash dieback Hymenoscyphus fraxineus

Cited by 3 publications

References 32 publications

Ash dieback: From Asia to Europe

Ash dieback: From Asia to Europe

Unveiling the Antimicrobial and Larvicidal Potential of Butyrolactones and Orsellinic Acid Derivatives from the Morus alba‐derived Fungus Aspergillus terreus via Integrated In vitro and In silico Approaches

Evaluation and identification of viruses for biocontrol of the ash dieback disease

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