Stable isotopes (δ13C, δ15N) seasonal changes in particulate organic matter and in different life stages of anchoveta (Engraulis ringens) in response to local and large scale oceanographic variations in north and central Chile

Castro, Leonardo R.; González, Valeria V.; Claramunt, Gabriel; Barrientos, Pamela; Soto, Samuel

doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2020.102342

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Both the stable isotope and the stomach contents analyses support the conclusion that there is little diet differentiation among the three species in the Cordillera region, though E. ringens had greater δ 15 N values than S. fuegensis and S. bentincki. The high E. ringens δ 15 N are supported by other studies of E. ringens in the Northern Humboldt current and Central Chile which highlight the central importance of zooplankton to the E. ringens diet (Hückstädt et al, 2007;Espinoza and Bertrand, 2008;Espinoza et al, 2017;Castro et al, 2020). The difference in the E. ringens δ 15 N values from the other two species could also be attributed to its shallower foraging depth (around 7 m) than the other two species (around 37 m), which could have shifted the isotopic signature of shared prey.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Small Differences in Diet Facilitate the Coexistence of Three Forage Fish Species in an Inshore Northern Patagonian Habitat

et al. 2022

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Forage fish play the crucial role of transferring energy from lower to upper trophic levels. These small pelagic fish feed on plankton and can compete with each other for food, leading to potentially complex interactions. Three forage fish species (Sprattus fuegensis, Strangomera bentincki, and Engraulis ringens) are commonly found in the inshore waters of Northern Chilean Patagonia, a region with large spatial variability in oceanographic conditions and in the zooplankton community. To better understand what factors may explain coexistence among these three forage fish species, we examined differences in resource availability (zooplankton community and abundances) in three locations (Chiloé, Cordillera, and Aysén regions) within Northern Patagonia. We compared the diet of the three fish species using both stable isotope and stomach content analyses, and we measured their gill rakers. S. fuegensis, the only species found in all three regions, had flexible diets which lent it greater success than the other two species at foraging in waters with fewer prey. We found little diet differentiation among the three species in the copepod-rich Cordillera region, but the diverging diets of S. bentincki and S. fuegensis in the copepod-poor Chiloé region suggest that diet partitioning in areas with fewer resources is due to competition. The small differences in diet facilitates coexistence among the three species, which may help explain the lack of correlation between the three species’ population abundances in the Cordillera region over the past 6 years. Finally, our results show that the high degree of oceanographic heterogeneity in Northern Patagonia may encourage species separation based on their specific environmental requirements.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Small Differences in Diet Facilitate the Coexistence of Three Forage Fish Species in an Inshore Northern Patagonian Habitat

et al. 2022

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“…However, the difference in δ 13 C' signals between POM and squat lobsters, from the same stations and water depths, was rather high with ∼4 . Castro et al (2020) determined on average ∼5 lower δ 13 C ratios for POM as for macroalgae off Chile. The high P. monodon δ 13 C' ratios of this study were in the range of those for Chlorophyta (−16.0 to −14.5 ) off central Chile (Castro et al, 2020).…”

Section: Food-web Structure and Key Players Of The Northern Humboldt Current Upwelling Systemmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Castro et al (2020) determined on average ∼5 lower δ 13 C ratios for POM as for macroalgae off Chile. The high P. monodon δ 13 C' ratios of this study were in the range of those for Chlorophyta (−16.0 to −14.5 ) off central Chile (Castro et al, 2020). Potentially, high δ 13 C' values could be due to ingestion of suspended particles (debris) of degraded macroalgae that drift away from the coastal zone (Miller and Page, 2012).…”

Section: Food-web Structure and Key Players Of The Northern Humboldt Current Upwelling Systemmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Therefore, inter-annual and seasonal variations cannot be detected by our dataset alone. Trophic positions may shift due to different environmental conditions such as the availability of prey or different sources of primary production (e.g., Castro et al, 2020).…”

Section: Challenges In the Determination Of Trophic Positionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We applied an enrichment factor of 3.4 (e.g., Minagawa and Wada, 1984;Espinoza et al, 2017;Pizarro et al, 2019;Castro et al, 2020) to calculate trophic positions. Studies showed that the enrichment factor is dependent on tissue and diet (Caut et al, 2009;Madigan et al, 2012;Bastos et al, 2017).…”

Section: Selection Of Food-web Components As Reference For Baselinementioning

confidence: 99%

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Toward a Solution of the “Peruvian Puzzle”: Pelagic Food-Web Structure and Trophic Interactions in the Northern Humboldt Current Upwelling System Off Peru

et al. 2022

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The northern Humboldt Current upwelling system (HCS) belongs to the most productive marine ecosystems, providing five to eight times higher fisheries landings per unit area than other coastal upwelling systems. To solve this “Peruvian puzzle”, to elucidate the pelagic food-web structure and to better understand trophic interactions in the HCS, a combined stable isotope and fatty acid trophic biomarker approach was adopted for key zooplankton taxa and higher trophic positions with an extensive spatial coverage from 8.5 to 16°S and a vertical range down to 1,000 m depth. A pronounced regional shift by up to ∼5‰ in the δ15N baseline of the food web occurred from North to South. Besides regional shifts, δ15N ratios of particulate organic matter (POM) also tended to increase with depth, with differences of up to 3.8‰ between surface waters and the oxygen minimum zone. In consequence, suspension-feeding zooplankton permanently residing at depth had up to ∼6‰ higher δ15N signals than surface-living species or diel vertical migrants. The comprehensive data set covered over 20 zooplankton taxa and indicated that three crustacean species usually are key in the zooplankton community, i.e., the copepods Calanus chilensis at the surface and Eucalanus inermis in the pronounced OMZ and the krill Euphausia mucronata, resulting in an overall low number of major trophic pathways toward anchovies. In addition, the semi-pelagic squat lobster Pleuroncodes monodon appears to play a key role in the benthic-pelagic coupling, as indicated by highest δ13C’ ratios of −14.7‰. If feeding on benthic resources and by diel vertical migration, they provide a unique pathway for returning carbon and energy from the seafloor to the epipelagic layer, increasing the food supply for pelagic fish. Overall, these mechanisms result in a very efficient food chain, channeling energy toward higher trophic positions and partially explaining the “Peruvian puzzle” of enormous fish production in the HCS.

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Combined use of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur stable isotopes reveal trophic structure and connections in deep-sea mesopelagic and demersal fish communities from the Southeastern Pacific Ocean

Ñacari

Escribano

Harrod

et al. 2023

Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers

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Stable isotopes (δ13C, δ15N) seasonal changes in particulate organic matter and in different life stages of anchoveta (Engraulis ringens) in response to local and large scale oceanographic variations in north and central Chile

Cited by 14 publications

References 46 publications

Small Differences in Diet Facilitate the Coexistence of Three Forage Fish Species in an Inshore Northern Patagonian Habitat

Small Differences in Diet Facilitate the Coexistence of Three Forage Fish Species in an Inshore Northern Patagonian Habitat

Toward a Solution of the “Peruvian Puzzle”: Pelagic Food-Web Structure and Trophic Interactions in the Northern Humboldt Current Upwelling System Off Peru

Combined use of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur stable isotopes reveal trophic structure and connections in deep-sea mesopelagic and demersal fish communities from the Southeastern Pacific Ocean

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