Stable isotopes determination in some Romanian wines

Abstract

This paper presents a study concerning the isotopic fingerprint ((18)O and (13)C) of some wines prepared from relevant Romanian grape varieties (e.g. Feteasca Alba (FA), Feteasca Regala (FR) and Cabernet Sauvignon (CS)) obtained in different vintage years (2002, 2003, 2004, 2007 and 2008). These wines were obtained from different vineyards having a significant role in the wine market: Cotesti, Tohani, Stefanesti, Aiud, Cotnari, Bucium, Murfatlar, Bujoru, Dragasani and Valea Calugareasca. Several observations related to the dependence of isotope ratios on geographical origin and climatic conditions were drawn. The authentic wines obtained from the FA grape variety from six different vineyards showed δ(18)O values in the range of+3.28 (Cotesti region - 45 °38'N/27 °04'E) to-2.60 ‰ (Aiud region - 46 °19'N/23 °45'E). The δ(13)C values were very similar for all the samples with an average of about-26 ‰. The difference between the δ(18)O values was due to the different climatic zones, which have an influence on the δ(18)O values of wine water. For the wine variety CS obtained from the Dealu Mare-Tohani vineyard, production years 2003 and 2004, a greater difference in the δ(18)O values of wine water ranging from 1.89 (in 2004) to 5.35 ‰ (in 2003) was noted. This difference is explained by the different mean annual temperatures in 2003 and 2004.

Isotope Analysis (13C, 18O) of Wine From Central and Eastern Europe and Argentina, 2008 and 2009 Vintages: Differentiation of Origin, Environmental Indications, and Variations Within Countries

“…As some of these samples (from Austria and Slovenia) are the official ones for the EU wine database, which were harvested in selected vineyards by governmental collectors and vinified applying a standardized protocol, an assignment to a certain area, locality, or winery was not done to retain data confidentiality. The Romanian samples come from only two of the wine producing regions, Oltenia and Muntenia, both located in the very south of Romania (Magdas et al, 2012) and, therefore, do not represent the isotopic variation of the entire Romania, which is significantly larger (see Magdas et al, 2012). The Montenegrin wine samples come from "13.…”

“…As the weather conditions play such a fundamental role for the isotope pattern of wine, the year of harvest is important since the weather varies from year to year (e.g., Christoph et al, 2003Christoph et al, , 2015Magdas et al, 2012;Philipp et al, 2018). The investigation of wine harvested in 2008 and 2009 is of relevance for wine control, as (I) wine is a commodity that is not only consumed as young wine, but also as aged wine, with the (suitable) aged wine becoming more esteemed and, thus, expensive, and (II) the environmental conditions do vary from year to year, but similarities between certain years are usually found (e.g., coldhumid vs. hot-dry weather) and, thus, past vintages show ranges of variations between years, relevant for control of wine without vintage information.…”

Seasonal Variation in Stable Isotope Ratios of Cow Milk in Vilnius Region, Lithuania

“…A range of analytical methods have been developed to address this issue. The stable isotope ratio method has already shown its applicability to solve the authenticity problems of milk products [2,3,4,5,6,7,8], beef [9,10,11], olive oil [12,13], honey [14,15], wine [16], and juices [17]. Ehtesham et al [18] showed that the δ 2 H and δ 13 C of four fatty acids and bulk milk powder were found to be correlated with regional production area in New Zealand.…”

Independent components analysis as an alternative to principal component analysis and discriminant analysis algorithms in the processing of spectrometric data

“…Determination of stable isotopes ( 2 Н, 13 С, 18 О) is currently the official and stan dard method for determining the authenticity of many foods and beverages, including wine products [29][30][31]. Recently, however, alternative innovative methods for food control began to appear; one of them is NMR spectroscopy [32][33][34]. NMR coupled with multivariate data analysis is used to control grape varieties, geo graphical origin, and vintage of wines [34][35][36][37].…”