Stable isotopes as an indicator of diet in omnivorous crayfish (<i>Pacifastacus leniusculus</i>): the influence of tissue, sample treatment, and season

Stenroth, Patrik; Holmqvist, Niklas; Nyström, Per; Berglund, Olof; Larsson, Per; Granéli, Wilhelm

doi:10.1139/f05-265

Cited by 95 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…For example, examination of crayfish stomach contents have found, within the same environment, smaller crayfish generally consume greater proportions of aquatic invertebrates than their larger Stenroth et al 2006). Comparisons of crayfish stomach contents between pasture and forested streams have also found ontogenetic shifts in diet to be related to land cover (Parkyn et al 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraspecific mass-scaling of field metabolic rates of a freshwater crayfish varies with stream land cover

et al. 2011

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Abstract. We investigated the effect of land cover on the metabolic scaling of the freshwater crayfish, Orconectes rusticus, by comparing the field metabolic rate (FMR) of populations from streams flowing through different natural and agricultural land cover. When data from all streams were pooled, the metabolic mass-scaling exponent was approximately 0.71. However, both the strength and nature of FMRmass relationships varied among streams (slopes from 0.61 to 0.91). This variability in scaling exponents was significantly correlated with two types of land cover, the proportion of monoculture (row cropping) agriculture (positive slope, P , 0.02, R 2 ¼ 0.75) and the proportion of wetlands (negative slope, P ¼ 0.05, R 2 ¼ 0.57), in the riparian zone of each stream. In a complementary laboratory study, we found the metabolic response of crayfish to differ among animals consuming plant and animal based foods. Crayfish consuming animal-based foods had higher respiration rates than conspecifics consuming plant-based foods. As O. rusticus exhibits variable feeding rates and foraging behavior, differences in the availability and quality of food that accompany changes in catchment land cover provides a potential mechanism for the observed site-dependence of FMR-mass scaling. Intraspecific variability of FMR-mass scaling in stream crayfish and its relationship to catchment land use is further evidence that organismal physiological flexibility and acclimation to specific environments complicates efforts to use general mass-scaling laws to explain disparate ecological phenomena.Key words: invertebrate ecology; land use; metabolism; Ontario; Orconectes rusticus; respiration; stream ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraspecific mass-scaling of field metabolic rates of a freshwater crayfish varies with stream land cover

et al. 2011

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“…Samples were manually ground to a fine powder and were not lipid-extracted, as shrimp muscle contains low lipid levels. Bodin et al (2007) demonstrated that ␦ 13 C VPDB and ␦ 15 N AIR values in muscle tissue of decapod crustaceans experience minimal changes after solvent treatment; therefore, the use of untreated muscle samples for isotopic analysis has been recommended (Stenroth et al 2006). Samples of ground muscle tissue (900 to 1100 g) were individually packed in tin cups (Elemental Microanalysis Ltd., UK) and organized in 96-well microplates.…”

Section: Sample Pretreatment and Stable Isotope Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of untreated muscle tissue for the isotopic analysis of crustaceans has been previously recommended (Stenroth et al 2006), as it can be obtained through straightforward sampling procedures, and the carbon and nitrogen isotope values of abdominal muscle tissue represent well the isotopic values of whole shrimp bodies (Gamboa-Delgado et al 2011). The variability in ␦ 13 C VPDB and ␦ 15 N AIR values in individuals belonging to wild environments was higher than that observed for farmed organisms.…”

Section: Isotopic Variability In Shrimp Samples From Farms and Wild Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Application of stable isotope analysis to differentiate shrimp extracted by industrial fishing or produced through aquaculture practices

Gamboa‐Delgado

Molina-PovedaCésar²,

Godínez-Siordia

et al. 2014

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope values were determined in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) with the objective of discriminating animals produced through aquaculture practices from those extracted from the wild. Farmed animals were collected at semi-intensive shrimp farms in Mexico and Ecuador. Fisheries-derived shrimps were caught in different fishing areas representing two estuarine systems and four open sea locations in Mexico and Ecuador. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope values (␦ 13 C VPDB and ␦ 15 N AIR ) allowed clear differentiation of wild from farmed animals. ␦ 13 C VPDB and ␦ 15 N AIR values in shrimps collected in the open sea were isotopically enriched (−16.99‰ and 11.57‰), indicating that these organisms belong to higher trophic levels than farmed animals. ␦ 13 C VPDB and ␦ 15 N AIR values of farmed animals (−19.72‰ and 7.85‰, respectively) partially overlapped with values measured in animals collected in estuaries (−18.46‰ and 5.38‰, respectively). Canonical discriminant analysis showed that when used separately and in conjunction, ␦ 13 C VPDB and ␦ 15 N AIR values were powerful discriminatory variables and demonstrate the viability of isotopic evaluations to distinguish wild-caught shrimps from aquaculture shrimps. Methodological improvements will define a verification tool to support shrimp traceability protocols.

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“…However, the relationships between nitrogen isotopic discrimination and other factors such as dietary protein supply and quality remain poorly understood (Robbins et al, 2005;Martinez del Rio et al, 2009). Moreover, there is increasing evidence that isotopic discrimination factors are species-and tissuespecific (DeNiro and Epstein, 1981;Tiezen et al, 1983;Yokoyama et al, 2005;Stenroth et al, 2006) and the considerable variance in the reported values demonstrate that careful validation of assumptions about discrimination factors are critical for interpreting stable isotope data from experimental feeding studies (Cabana and Rasmussen, 1996;McCutchan et al, 2003;Crawley et al, 2007;Martinez del Rio et al, 2009). Caut et al (2009) recently conducted a review of published studies applying stable isotope techniques, reporting that in more than half of the studies using isotopic mixing models for dietary reconstruction discrimination factors were not estimated, but were taken from published reviews.…”

Section: Diet-consumer Isotopic Discrimination Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Naturally-occurring stable isotopes as direct measures of larval feeding efficiency, nutrient incorporation and turnover

Vay

Gamboa‐Delgado

2011

Aquaculture

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Stable isotopes are non-hazardous markers that have been widely-used in assessing energy flow within aquatic ecosystems. Hatchery systems are also highly amenable to this approach, as they represent controlled mesocosms with a limited number of food sources and short planktonic food chains with rapid and measurable bioaccumulation of the heavier stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen at each trophic step. Differences in the natural isotopic composition of dietary components may be used to provide direct integrated measures of ingestion, nutrient incorporation and growth through development under normal feeding and environmental conditions, in either the laboratory or the hatchery. Simple isotopic mixing models allow estimation of relative utilisation of inert diets and live feeds, and individual components of compound feeds. Such experiments have investigated the effectiveness of cofeeding regimes, optimal timing of live food transitions (eg from rotifers to Artemia), presentation of inert diets, optimal size/age for weaning and incorporation of specific dietary components. Furthermore, time-series measurement of changes in tissue isotopic signature (δ 15 N, δ 13 C) enables modelling of growth dilution and tissue turnover components of isotopic change driven by nutritional sources. These measures need to take into account the difference in isotope values that is typically observed between the diet and consumer (isotopic discrimination factor, ∆). In marine larvae and early post-larvae, ∆ 13 C and ∆ 15 N have been found to range widely, from 0.4-4.1‰ and 0.1-5.3‰ respectively. The observation of such a high level of variation within species and life stages indicates a strong effect of diet quality on isotopic discrimination. Elucidating mechanisms underlying such observations, and much greater resolution in larval nutritional studies, can be achieved by application of rapidlydeveloping techniques for compound specific stable isotope analysis in tracing the transfer of dietary sources of carbon and nitrogen into tissue components. Fast growing aquatic larvae represent excellent model organisms exhibiting rapid transitions in isotopic composition in 3 response to diet, rapidly changing feeding behaviour and transitions in trophic level with ready ingestion of modifiable experimental diets in short and controlled food chains. Thus results of studies of the effects of diet composition, developmental stage, growth rates or environmental conditions on stable isotope incorporation will be of broad relevance not only in terms of larval nutrition but can also more broadly inform the design and interpretation of ecological studies.

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Stable isotopes as an indicator of diet in omnivorous crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus): the influence of tissue, sample treatment, and season

Cited by 95 publications

References 40 publications

Intraspecific mass-scaling of field metabolic rates of a freshwater crayfish varies with stream land cover

Intraspecific mass-scaling of field metabolic rates of a freshwater crayfish varies with stream land cover

Application of stable isotope analysis to differentiate shrimp extracted by industrial fishing or produced through aquaculture practices

Naturally-occurring stable isotopes as direct measures of larval feeding efficiency, nutrient incorporation and turnover

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