Stable carbon isotope ratios and the existence of a gas phase in the evolution of carbonate ground waters

Deines, Peter; Langmuir, Donald; Harmon, Russell S.

doi:10.1016/0016-7037(74)90010-6

Cited by 619 publications

(308 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Uncertainty is better than ± 0.05 and ± 0.1 for δ 13 C and δ 18 O, respectively. The isotopic composition of the parent fluid was calculated using the equations published by O'Neil et al (1969) and Deines et al (1974).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genesis of Syntectonic Hydrothermal Veins in the Igneous Rock of Teschenite Association (Outer Western Carpathians, Czech Republic): Growth Mechanism and Origin of Fluids

Urubek¹,

Dolníček²,

Kropáč³

2015

Geologica Carpathica

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Hydrothermal mineralization hosted by the Lower Cretaceous igneous rock of the teschenite association at Jasenice (Silesian Unit, Flysch Belt, Outer Western Carpathians) occurs in two morphological types -irregular vein filled by granular calcite and regular composite vein formed by both fibrous and granular calcite and minor chlorite, quartz, and pyrite. Crosscutting evidence indicates that the granular veins are younger than the composite vein. The composite vein was formed by two mechanisms at different times. The arrangement of solid inclusions in the marginal fibrous zone suggests an episodic growth by the crack-seal mechanism during syntectonic deformation which was at least partially driven by tectonic suction pump during some stages of the Alpine Orogeny. Both the central part of the composite vein and monomineral veins developed in a brittle regime. In these cases, the textures of vein suggest the flow of fluids along an open fracture. The parent fluids of both types of vein are characterized by low temperatures (Th =66-163 °C), low salinities (0.4 to 3.4 wt. % NaCl eq.), low content of strong REE-complexing ligands, and δ 18 O and δ 13 C ranges of + 0.2/+12.5 ‰ SMOW and -11.8/-14.1 ‰ PDB, respectively. The parent fluids are interpreted as the results of mixing of residual seawater and diagenetic waters produced by dewatering of clay minerals in the associated flysch sediments. The flow of fluids was controlled by tectonic deformation of the host rock.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genesis of Syntectonic Hydrothermal Veins in the Igneous Rock of Teschenite Association (Outer Western Carpathians, Czech Republic): Growth Mechanism and Origin of Fluids

Urubek¹,

Dolníček²,

Kropáč³

2015

Geologica Carpathica

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“…The isotopic fractionation factors (e 13 C CO2 (aq)-CO2 (g); e 13 C HCO3-CO2 (g) ; e 13 C CO3-CO2 (g) ) determined by Mook et al (1974) and Deines et al (1974) were used for this calculation. Taking the well-defined equilibrium fractionation into account, the modeled d 13 C DIC of portal waters are À21.6‰, À21.0‰ and À22.0‰ VPDB in December, February and July, respectively (Table 3).…”

Section: Carbon Isotopesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dissolved SO 4 in the coal mine waters may be produced via the oxidation of pyrite in these coals and shales via the following reactions: Table 3 Calculated d 13 C DIC values assuming all C is contributed by oxidation of organic matter and assuming complete equilibrium is attained. The temperature dependent isotopic enrichment factor was calculated using the constant determined by Mook et al (1974) and Deines et al (1974 …”

Section: Sulfur and Oxygen Isotopesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isotopic evidence of enhanced carbonate dissolution at a coal mine drainage site in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, USA

Sharma

Sack

Adams

et al. 2013

Applied Geochemistry

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Editorial handling by A. Kolker a b s t r a c t Stable isotopes were used to determine the sources and fate of dissolved inorganic C (DIC) in the circumneutral pH drainage from an abandoned bituminous coal mine in western Pennsylvania. The C isotope signatures of DIC (d 13 C DIC ) were intermediate between local carbonate and organic C sources, but were higher than those of contemporaneous Pennsylvanian age groundwaters in the region. This suggests a significant contribution of C enriched in 13 C due to enhanced carbonate dissolution associated with the release of H 2 SO 4 from pyrite oxidation. The Sr isotopic signature of the drainage was similar to other regional mine waters associated with the same coal seam and reflected contributions from limestone dissolution and cation exchange with clay minerals. The relatively high d 34 S SO4 and d 18 O SO4 isotopic signatures of the mine drainage and the presence of presumptive SO 4 -reducing bacteria suggest that SO 4 reduction activity also contributes C depleted in 13 C isotope to the total DIC pool. With distance downstream from the mine portal, C isotope signatures in the drainage increased , accompanied by decreased total DIC concentrations and increased pH. These data are consistent with H 2 SO 4 dissolution of carbonate rocks, enhanced by cation exchange, and C release to the atmosphere via CO 2 outgassing.

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“…An increase in the biological activity of the soil could result in lower 13 C/ 12 C ratios of the dripwater, hence resulting in low d 13 C values in the precipitating carbonate. 38 Warm and humid climate would enhance the bioactivity in the soil, while dry climate and/or strong cooling would have the opposite effect. 39,40 It is not unrealistic to expect that these complex processes may also affect the trace element concentrations within the carbonate of the stalagmite.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bronze Age volcanic event recorded in stalagmites by combined isotope and trace element studies

Siklósy

Demény

Vennemann

et al. 2009

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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Stable isotope analyses of speleothems (carbonate deposits formed in caves) have been widely used to reconstruct paleoenvironmental conditions. Recent improvements in geochemical techniques have enabled us to analyze climate‐influenced deposits at high temporal resolution so that hitherto unrecognized environmental conditions may be identified. Stable H, C and O isotope analyses on carbonate and inclusion water have been combined with multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC‐ICP‐MS) age dating and laser‐ablation ICP‐MS trace element analyses on a stalagmite from southern Hungary. The study reveals significant changes in chemical and isotopic compositions of the speleothem between approx. 3800 and 3500 years BP (‘Before Present’) indicating coupled changes in the temperature and precipitation regime under which the speleothem formed. Stable isotopic and trace element correlations within this time period correlate with similar studies of stalagmites of comparable age from the Alpine‐Mediterranean region. Our studies suggest that traces of deposition of volcanic dust, possibly related to the Thera eruption of Santorini (Greece) ca. 1650 BC (∼3650 BP), and environmental changes can be detected at a distance of several thousand kilometers. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Stable carbon isotope ratios and the existence of a gas phase in the evolution of carbonate ground waters

Cited by 619 publications

References 28 publications

Genesis of Syntectonic Hydrothermal Veins in the Igneous Rock of Teschenite Association (Outer Western Carpathians, Czech Republic): Growth Mechanism and Origin of Fluids

Genesis of Syntectonic Hydrothermal Veins in the Igneous Rock of Teschenite Association (Outer Western Carpathians, Czech Republic): Growth Mechanism and Origin of Fluids

Isotopic evidence of enhanced carbonate dissolution at a coal mine drainage site in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, USA

Bronze Age volcanic event recorded in stalagmites by combined isotope and trace element studies

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