Stable carbon isotope fractionation by marine phytoplankton during photosynthesis

Descolas-Gros, C.; Fontungne, M.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.1990.tb01305.x

Cited by 120 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Carbon isotopic fractionations among organic compound classes in phytoplankton has been well-Ž recognized Abelson and Hoering, 1961;De Niro and Epstein, 1977;Descolas-Gros and Fontugne, . 1990;Fischer, 1991 .…”

Section: Comparison Of D 13 C Signatures In Plankton and Sediments Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radiocarbon and stable carbon isotope compositions of organic compound classes in sediments from the NE Pacific and Southern Oceans

Wang

Druffel

2001

Marine Chemistry

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AbstractŽ 14 .Ž 13 . Radiocarbon D C abundance and stable carbon isotope d C compositions were measured for total lipid, total Ž . Ž . hydrolyzable amino acids THAA , total carbohydrates TCHO , and acid-insoluble organic fractions separated from Ž . phytoplankton, zooplankton, and sediment cores collected from two abyssal sites, one in the northeast NE Pacific Ocean and one in the Southern Ocean. These results are compared with those obtained for a separate core from the NE Pacific and w Ž . In contrast, sediment from the Southern Ocean had much lower TOC and D 14 C values, which indicated that organic matter was extremely refractory. Sedimentation rates calculated from 14 C ages of TOC for both sites indicate that the differences in the organic composition and D 14 C signatures of organic matter in the sediments likely resulted from the differences in production and deposition of organic matter to the sediment, and the diagenetic stages of sedimentary organic matter in the two oceans. 14 Ž 13 . Unlike D C, stable carbon isotopic d C compositions of TOC in the sediments of the two oceans had similar values, which reflect not only the organic matter input from marine-derived sources but also the nature of degraded, predominately uncharacterized organic fraction in these sediments. The differences in d 13 C values among the compound classes in sediments at both sites can be attributed to the carbon isotopic signatures in original sources during photosynthesis and associated environmental factors. Preferential degradation of organic matter and heterotrophic effects may also play important roles for the observed d 13 C variations and these effects need to be further investigated. q 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. -C. Wang, E.R.M. Druffelr Marine Chemistry 73 2001 65-81 66

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Section: Comparison Of D 13 C Signatures In Plankton and Sediments Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During photosynthesis, phyto-Ž . plankton fix dissolved inorganic C DIC in the surface water into organic biomass C by enzymatic Ž carboxylation reactions Descolas-Gros and Fontugne, 1990;Fogel and Cifuentes, 1993;Goer-. icke et al, 1993 .…”

Section: Comparison Of D 13 C Signatures In Plankton and Sediments Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiocarbon and stable carbon isotope compositions of organic compound classes in sediments from the NE Pacific and Southern Oceans

Wang

Druffel

2001

Marine Chemistry

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“…Biochemical and biophysical considerations have recently been very thoroughly and helpfully reviewed by Goericke et al (1993), and other investigators have interpreted variations of ap observed in natural systems in terms of varying levels of enzymatic activity and pathways of carbon fixation (Descolas-Gros et al, 1990;Fontugne et al, 1991), growth rate and cell size (Takahashi et al, 1991;Fry and Wainright, 1992), and speciesrelated physiological differences (Falkowski, 1991). Fogel et al (1992) have called upon many of these factors to explain observed variations in 6p in a seasonal study of the complex Chesapeake estuary.…”

Section: Co 2 Paleobarometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors controlling 13C contents of sedimentary organic compounds: Principles and evidence

1993

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The carbon isotopic composition of any naturally synthesized organic compound depends on (l) the carbon source utilized, (2) isotope effects associated with assimilation of carbon by the producing organism, (3) isotope effects associated with metabolism and biosynthesis, and (4) cellular carbon budgets. These factors are reviewed and quantitative considerations summarized, particularly with regard to active and passive modes of carbon assimilation by phytoplankton and the existence of discernible regularities in isotope effects associated with lipid biosynthesis. It is concluded that n-alkyl lipids are in general depleted in 13C by about 1.59(~ relative to polyisoprenoid lipids produced by the same organism. The effects of biological reworking on isotopic compositions of organic carbon are examined and it is suggested that enrichment of 13C in sedimentary organic carbon may result from loss of CH 4 from zooplanktonic gut communities. Isotopic methods for estimation of ancient CO z levels are considered and a hyperbolic form favored for the relationship between concentrations of dissolved CO 2 and isotopic fractionation.

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“…Primary production from Nfixation is a major source in this ocean region, at times resulting in δ 15 N of fresh POM near 0‰ (Dore et al 2002;Karl 1999). At the same time, additional proteinaceous material should lead to both lower C/N ratios and heavier δ 13 C, since amino acids are generally 13 C enriched relative to other biochemical components (e.g., Degens et al, 1968;Descolasgros and Fontugne 1990). Thus, this explanation is consistent with both expected δ 13 C of different biochemical classes, local sources, and finally also with "size-reactivity" continuum ideas (Amon and Benner 1994), which would predict larger material to be less degraded.…”

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confidence: 99%

A large‐volume microfiltration system for isolating suspended particulate organic matter: fabrication and assessment versus GFF filters in central North Pacific

Roland

McCarthy

Peterson

et al. 2009

Limnology & Ocean Methods

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We describe the construction and testing of a home-built ultrafiltration (UF) system, based on commercially available hollow fiber polysulfone membranes, for isolation of suspended particulate organic matter (POM susp ) from large volumes (2000-10,000 L) of ocean water. The overall apparatus consists of two sequential UF steps: a main filtration system (100 L reservoir) driven by a stainless steel centrifugal pump, and a subsequent reduction/diafiltration system (2 L reservoir) driven by a peristaltic pump. The system can be readily assembled using off-the-shelf parts at a fraction of the cost of commercial UF systems. Our system functioned comparably to previously described commercial units. We conducted a series of tests using both surface (21 m) and mesopelagic (674 m) N. Pacific central seawater from ocean pipeline sources at the Natural Energy Laboratory Authority of Hawaii (NELHA), while simultaneously collecting GFF-POM samples. We evaluated flow rates, fouling behavior, carbon and nitrogen recoveries and compositions, and also bacteria and virus retention of ultrafiltered-POM (UPOM) using both 0.1 μm and 500 kilodalton pore size membranes. We also compared composition of UPOM versus GFF-POM, finding clear differences, which also varied between surface and mesopelagic waters. Finally, to evaluate the appeal of large-volume filtrations at NELHA to study central N. Pacific Gyre POM susp , we compared our data with offshore station ALOHA.

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Stable carbon isotope fractionation by marine phytoplankton during photosynthesis

Cited by 120 publications

References 57 publications

Radiocarbon and stable carbon isotope compositions of organic compound classes in sediments from the NE Pacific and Southern Oceans

Radiocarbon and stable carbon isotope compositions of organic compound classes in sediments from the NE Pacific and Southern Oceans

Factors controlling 13C contents of sedimentary organic compounds: Principles and evidence

A large‐volume microfiltration system for isolating suspended particulate organic matter: fabrication and assessment versus GFF filters in central North Pacific

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