Stable Bio-oil Production from Proteinaceous Cyanobacteria: Tail Gas Reactive Pyrolysis of Spirulina

Chagas, Bruna Maria Emerenciano das; Mullen, Charles A.; Dorado, Christina; Elkasabi, Yaseen; Boateng, Akwasi A.; Melo, M. A. F.; Ataíde, Carlos Henrique

doi:10.1021/acs.iecr.6b00490

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…When the oxygen content is sufficiently low, TGRP oils tend to exhibit similar product distributions of key compounds, one exception to this trend being algae and guayule-based oils. 26 As deduced from previous studies, 27 differences in biomass type exhibit negligible elemental differences on the final calcined coke product for TGRP oils: only the metals content may change.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Renewable Biomass-Derived Coke with Texture Suitable for Aluminum Smelting Anodes

Elkasabi

Darmstadt

Boateng

2018

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Industrial producers of calcined petroleum coke encounter issues pertaining to product quality and environmental ramifications. While previous attempts to produce biorenewable versions of calcined coke address CO2 footprint, sulfur, and metals poisoning, none have demonstrated a sufficient degree of anisotropy, which is critical for performance in aluminum smelting anodes. Using fast pyrolysis of biomass, we produced bio-oils of sufficient quality whereby coke can be formed through distilling off the volatiles. Tail-gas reactive pyrolysis (TGRP) produced bio-oils with low oxygen content, low viscosity, and high polyaromatic content, all of which are critical for alignment of coke precursors. Distillations at controlled rates and temperatures ensured the alignment of polyaromatic domains leading to coke anisotropy. Bio-oils with oxygen content below 16 wt % successfully produced coke with mixtures of isotropic and anisotropic domains. In coprocessing experiments, mixtures of pyrolysis bio-oil and green petroleum coke coked under similar conditions to produce highly anisotropic textures, although degrees of discontinuity exist within merged particles. When baked with coal tar pitch as an additive, calcined biocokes exhibited resistivity values of 100–200 μΩ·m, which correlated well with the calcination time at 1200 °C.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Renewable Biomass-Derived Coke with Texture Suitable for Aluminum Smelting Anodes

Elkasabi

Darmstadt

Boateng

2018

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…The obtained sludge from A. flos‐aquae had a high quantity of oleic acid, and it could be used as a substrate for biodiesel production. Chagas et al showed that the tail gas reactive pyrolysis (TGRP) was an effective process for converting Spirulina biomass to bio‐oil compounds. The obtained bio‐oil contained aromatic hydrocarbons and nitrogen compounds; these were thermostable, which could be distilled for fuel production.…”

Section: Extraction/separation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyanobacteria as an eco‐friendly resource for biofuel production: A critical review

Farrokh

Sheikhpour

Kasaeian³

et al. 2019

Biotechnology Progress

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Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic microorganisms which can be found in various environmental habitats. These photosynthetic bacteria are considered as promising feedstock for the production of the third‐ and the fourth‐generation biofuels. The main subject of this review is highlighting the significant aspects of the biofuel production from cyanobacteria. The most recent investigations about the extraction or separation of the bio‐oil from cyanobacteria are also adduced in the present review. Moreover, the genetic engineering of cyanobacteria for improving biofuel production and the impact of bioinformatics studies on the designing better‐engineered strains are mentioned. The large‐scale biofuel production is challenging, so the economic considerations to provide inexpensive biofuels are also cited. It seems that the future of biofuels is strongly dependent to the following items; understanding the metabolic pathways of the cyanobacterial species, progression in the construction of the engineered cyanobacteria, and inexpensive large‐scale cultivation of them.

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“…20 We used spirulina because of the especially high biomass protein content (∼70 wt %). For TGRP of spirulina, 24 phase-separated organic layers appeared in the condenser fractions. Because this behavior indicates quality and composition that are comparable with that of the ESP oil, all condenser organic fractions were combined with the ESP oil.…”

Section: Energy and Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrocarbons from Spirulina Pyrolysis Bio-oil Using One-Step Hydrotreating and Aqueous Extraction of Heteroatom Compounds

et al. 2016

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Biomass feedstocks such as algae and cyanobacteria are highly sought after because of their high reproduction rates and growth densities, but their high concentrations of O and N heteroatoms are problematic for biofuel applications. Mild upgrading processes are necessary for producing fungible fuels from these renewable sources. We developed a process to upgrade spirulina-based bio-oil from tail-gas reactive pyrolysis (TGRP), using a combination of catalytic hydrotreatment and purification of the upgraded product. The TGRP bio-oil was distillated at high organic yields, and the distillates served as the feedstock for catalytic upgrading. Simultaneous hydrodeoxygenation and hydrodenitrogenation (HDO/HDN) was carried out in one step using a commercial ruthenium catalyst on carbon support. Using bio-oil distillates as feedstocks for hydrotreatment produced hydrocarbons at high space velocities. Reactor temperature was the critical variable, wherein the optimal temperature compromised between excessive yields loss and catalyst inactivity. While the HDO/HDN product contained relatively significant amounts of residual O and N (∼1 wt % each), the remaining O and N-containing compounds were removed via single aqueousphase extraction with hydrochloric acid. The extraction step serves as a milder alternative to deep HDO/HDN processes that diminish final product yields.

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Stable Bio-oil Production from Proteinaceous Cyanobacteria: Tail Gas Reactive Pyrolysis of Spirulina

Cited by 12 publications

References 33 publications

Renewable Biomass-Derived Coke with Texture Suitable for Aluminum Smelting Anodes

Renewable Biomass-Derived Coke with Texture Suitable for Aluminum Smelting Anodes

Cyanobacteria as an eco‐friendly resource for biofuel production: A critical review

Hydrocarbons from Spirulina Pyrolysis Bio-oil Using One-Step Hydrotreating and Aqueous Extraction of Heteroatom Compounds

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