Stabilizing Particles of Manganese‐Iron Oxide with Additives for Thermochemical Energy Storage

Preisner, Nicole Carina; Block, Tina; Linder, Marc; Leion, Henrik

doi:10.1002/ente.201800211

Cited by 36 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…However, due to its still low energy storage density, can be less attractive than other systems such those based on cobalt oxide. In addition, mechanical stability can also be an issue as recently demonstrated by Preisner et al 209 who evaluated CeO2, ZrO2 and TiO2 as supports in order to improve the resistance to particle attrition.…”

Section: Several Cationic Dopants Have Been Explored As To Modify Chementioning

confidence: 99%

Solar Energy on Demand: A Review on High Temperature Thermochemical Heat Storage Systems and Materials

et al. 2019

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Among renewable energies, wind and solar are inherently intermittent and therefore both require efficient energy storage systems to facilitate a round-the-clock electricity production at global scale. In this context, concentrated solar power (CSP) stands out among other sustainable technologies because it offers the interesting possibility of storing energy collected from the sun as heat, by sensible, latent or thermochemical means. Accordingly, continuous electricity generation in the power block is possible even during off-sun periods, providing CSP plants with a remarkable dispatchability. Sensible heat storage has been already incorporated to commercial CSP plants. However, due to its potentially higher energy storage density, thermochemical heat storage (TCS) systems emerge as an attractive alternative for the design of next generation power plants, which are expected to operate at higher temperatures. Through these systems, thermal energy is used to drive endothermic chemical reactions, which can subsequently release the stored energy when needed through a reversible exothermic step. This review analyzes the status 2 of this prominent energy storage technology, its major challenges and future perspectives, covering in detail the numerous strategies proposed for the improvement of materials and thermochemical reactors. Thermodynamic calculations allow selecting high energy density systems, but experimental findings indicate that sufficiently rapid kinetics and long-term stability trough continuous cycles of chemical transformation are also necessary for practical implementation. In addition, selecting easy to handle materials with reduced cost and limited toxicity is crucial for large-scale deployment of this technology. In this work, the possible utilization of materials as diverse as metal hydrides, hydroxides or carbonates for thermochemical storage is discussed. Furthermore, especial attention is paid to the development of redox metal oxides, such as Co3O4/CoO, Mn2O3/Mn3O4 and perovskites of different compositions, as an auspicious new class of TCS materials due to the advantage of working with atmospheric air as reactant, avoiding the need of gas storage tanks. Current knowledge about the structural, morphological and chemical modifications of these solids, either caused during redox transformations, or induced wittingly as a way to improve their properties, is revised in detail. In addition, the design of new reactors concepts proposed for the most efficient use of TCS in concentrated solar facilities is also critically considered. Finally, strategies for the harmonic integration of these units in functioning solar power plants, as well as the economic aspects are also briefly assessed.

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Section: Several Cationic Dopants Have Been Explored As To Modify Chementioning

confidence: 99%

Solar Energy on Demand: A Review on High Temperature Thermochemical Heat Storage Systems and Materials

et al. 2019

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“…Among the investigated metal doping for the enhancement of manganese oxide cycling performances, the addition of iron was demonstrated to yield especially good results. A study focusing on the mixed oxide (Mn 0.7 Fe 0.3 ) 2 O 3 investigated the improvement of the particle stability via the addition of either 20 wt% TiO 2 , ZrO 2 or CeO 2 [94]. All the tested additives permitted an improvement against the manganese oxide particle agglomeration.…”

Section: Tces Systems Based On Metal Oxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Thermochemical Energy Storage via Solid–Gas Reversible Reactions at High Temperature

André

Abanades

2020

Energies

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The exploitation of solar energy, an unlimited and renewable energy resource, is of prime interest to support the replacement of fossil fuels by renewable energy alternatives. Solar energy can be used via concentrated solar power (CSP) combined with thermochemical energy storage (TCES) for the conversion and storage of concentrated solar energy via reversible solid–gas reactions, thus enabling round the clock operation and continuous production. Research is on-going on efficient and economically attractive TCES systems at high temperatures with long-term durability and performance stability. Indeed, the cycling stability with reduced or no loss in capacity over many cycles of heat charge and discharge of the material is pursued. The main thermochemical systems currently investigated are encompassing metal oxide redox pairs (MOx/MOx−1), non-stoichiometric perovskites (ABO3/ABO3−δ), alkaline earth metal carbonates and hydroxides (MCO3/MO, M(OH)2/MO with M = Ca, Sr, Ba). The metal oxides/perovskites can operate in open loop with air as the heat transfer fluid, while carbonates and hydroxides generally require closed loop operation with storage of the fluid (H2O or CO2). Alternative sources of natural components are also attracting interest, such as abundant and low-cost ore minerals or recycling waste. For example, limestone and dolomite are being studied to provide for one of the most promising systems, CaCO3/CaO. Systems based on hydroxides are also progressing, although most of the recent works focused on Ca(OH)2/CaO. Mixed metal oxides and perovskites are also largely developed and attractive materials, thanks to the possible tuning of both their operating temperature and energy storage capacity. The shape of the material and its stabilization are critical to adapt the material for their integration in reactors, such as packed bed and fluidized bed reactors, and assure a smooth transition for commercial use and development. The recent advances in TCES systems since 2016 are reviewed, and their integration in solar processes for continuous operation is particularly emphasized.

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“…(ii) For the gaseous components of air, the ideal gas law can be applied. (iii) The total porosity of the manganese-iron oxide bulk does not change between oxidized and reduced phase or over consecutive cycles, based on [18] for a similar material composition. (iv) The solid particles have a homogeneous temperature distribution and are treated as a continuum, since the Biot-number is sufficiently small.…”

Section: Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Investigations of a Counter-Current Moving Bed Reactor for Thermochemical Energy Storage at High Temperatures

et al. 2020

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High temperature storage is a key factor for compensating the fluctuating energy supply of solar thermal power plants, and thus enables renewable base load power. In thermochemical energy storage, the thermal energy is stored as the reaction enthalpy of a chemically reversible gas-solid reaction. Metal oxides are suitable candidates for thermochemical energy storage for solar thermal power plants, due to their high reaction temperatures and use of oxygen as a gaseous reaction partner. However, it is crucial to extract both sensible and thermochemical energy at these elevated temperatures to boost the overall system efficiency. Therefore, this study focuses on the combined extraction of thermochemical and sensible energy from a metal oxide and its effects on thermal power and energy density during discharging. A counter-current moving bed, based on manganese-iron-oxide, was investigated with a transient, one-dimensional model using the finite element method. A nearly isothermal temperature distribution along the bed height was formed, as long as the gas flow did not exceed a tipping point. A maximal energy density of 933 kJ/kg was achieved, when ( Mn , Fe ) 3 O 4 was oxidized and cooled from 1050 ° C to 300 ° C . However, reaction kinetics can limit the thermal power and energy density. To avoid this drawback, a moving bed reactor based on the investigated manganese-iron oxide should combine direct and indirect heat transfer to overcome kinetic limitations.

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Stabilizing Particles of Manganese‐Iron Oxide with Additives for Thermochemical Energy Storage

Cited by 36 publications

References 59 publications

Solar Energy on Demand: A Review on High Temperature Thermochemical Heat Storage Systems and Materials

Solar Energy on Demand: A Review on High Temperature Thermochemical Heat Storage Systems and Materials

Recent Advances in Thermochemical Energy Storage via Solid–Gas Reversible Reactions at High Temperature

Numerical Investigations of a Counter-Current Moving Bed Reactor for Thermochemical Energy Storage at High Temperatures

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