“…It is then possible to conclude that two well-characterized regimes of stable nanoparticles, both in size and charge, can be obtained from the compaction of nucleic acids with chemoselectively modified ELPs bearing positively charged ELPs featuring sulfonium and ammonium groups. Finally, from TEM measurements, it was possible to observe a mixture of nanoparticles with quasi-spherical and elongated shapes at (N+S)/P<1 and nanoparticles with mainly quasi-spherical shapes at (N+S)/P>1, in good agreement with reports from the literature[97][98]. Resulting quasi-spherical pUC19 plasmid/ELP(-NH 2 ) cationic nanoparticles are probably constituted by a neutral core surrounded by a cationic ELP(-NH 2 )…”
Positively charged elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) were synthesized for the compaction of genetic material. A recombinant ELP (VPGXG) 40 with X=V,M (3:1) was post-modified in two steps to introduce chemoselectively either primary or secondary amine pendant groups at each methionine residue. Positively charged ELPs were characterized by SDS-PAGE, size exclusion chromatography, 1 H NMR, potentiometric titrations and dynamic light scattering to assess their purity and determine their degree of functionalization, molecular weight, isoelectric point and thermo-responsive behaviour. Electrostatic complexation between the different ELP derivatives and nucleic acids was studied to determine the stoichiometry of ELP S /nucleic acids complex formation, and to find optimal conditions leading to stable nanoparticles with controlled size and surface potential. The stability of these complexes was investigated in the presence of salts at physiological concentrations and in the presence of surfactant. This study revealed that two regimes of stable nanoparticles in terms of size and charge can be obtained from the electrostatic complexation between the primary amine containing ELP derivative, ELP(-NH 2 ), and plasmid DNA. Resulting complexes were found to be stable to dissociation for charge ratios up to 2.5 under physiological salt concentrations (154 mM NaCl), showing that plasmid DNA was completely condensed by the polycationic ELP and protected against electrolyte-mediated dissociation.
“…It is then possible to conclude that two well-characterized regimes of stable nanoparticles, both in size and charge, can be obtained from the compaction of nucleic acids with chemoselectively modified ELPs bearing positively charged ELPs featuring sulfonium and ammonium groups. Finally, from TEM measurements, it was possible to observe a mixture of nanoparticles with quasi-spherical and elongated shapes at (N+S)/P<1 and nanoparticles with mainly quasi-spherical shapes at (N+S)/P>1, in good agreement with reports from the literature[97][98]. Resulting quasi-spherical pUC19 plasmid/ELP(-NH 2 ) cationic nanoparticles are probably constituted by a neutral core surrounded by a cationic ELP(-NH 2 )…”
Positively charged elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) were synthesized for the compaction of genetic material. A recombinant ELP (VPGXG) 40 with X=V,M (3:1) was post-modified in two steps to introduce chemoselectively either primary or secondary amine pendant groups at each methionine residue. Positively charged ELPs were characterized by SDS-PAGE, size exclusion chromatography, 1 H NMR, potentiometric titrations and dynamic light scattering to assess their purity and determine their degree of functionalization, molecular weight, isoelectric point and thermo-responsive behaviour. Electrostatic complexation between the different ELP derivatives and nucleic acids was studied to determine the stoichiometry of ELP S /nucleic acids complex formation, and to find optimal conditions leading to stable nanoparticles with controlled size and surface potential. The stability of these complexes was investigated in the presence of salts at physiological concentrations and in the presence of surfactant. This study revealed that two regimes of stable nanoparticles in terms of size and charge can be obtained from the electrostatic complexation between the primary amine containing ELP derivative, ELP(-NH 2 ), and plasmid DNA. Resulting complexes were found to be stable to dissociation for charge ratios up to 2.5 under physiological salt concentrations (154 mM NaCl), showing that plasmid DNA was completely condensed by the polycationic ELP and protected against electrolyte-mediated dissociation.
“…This could represent the major issue for their potential use both in vitro and in vivo models. Recently, Wu and Delair demonstrated that CH/HA‐polyelectrolyte complexes can be stabilized in physiological conditions by the addition of Zn (II), but biocompatibility analyses that are mandatory for any in vitro/in vivo application of such a system are not available yet.…”
Tissue damage caused by excessive amounts of neutrophil-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) occurs in many inflammatory diseases. Butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) with known anti-inflammatory properties, able to modulate several neutrophil functions. Evidence is provided here that butyrate inhibits neutrophil ROS release in a dose and time-dependent fashion. Given the short half-life of butyrate, chitosan/hyaluronan nanoparticles are next designed and developed as controlled release carriers able to provide cells with a long-lasting supply of this SCFA. Notably, while the inhibition of neutrophil ROS production by free butyrate declines over time, that of butyrate-loaded chitosan/hyaluronan nanoparticles (B-NPs) is sustained. Additional valuable features of these nanoparticles are inherent ROS scavenger activity, resistance to cell internalization, and mucoadhesiveness. B-NPs appear as promising tools to limit ROS-dependent tissue injury during inflammation. Particularly, by virtue of their mucoadhesiveness, B-NPs administered by enema can be effective in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases.
“…The preparation of HA-containing nanosized carriers has been achieved, for example, through cross linking of chemically modified 4 HA 20,21 or complexation of HA with other polymers. [22][23][24] The latter strategy has been mainly used for embedding drugs by hydrophobic interactions upon complex formation. Complexes with covalently linked inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) have also been reported.…”
The polysaccharide hyaluronan (HA) is a main component of peri- and extracellular matrix, and an attractive molecule for materials design in tissue engineering and nanomedicine. Here, we study the morphology of complexes that form upon interaction of nanometer-sized amine-coated gold particles with this anionic, linear, and regular biopolymer in solution and grafted to a surface. We find that cationic nanoparticles (NPs) have profound effects on HA morphology on the molecular and supramolecular scale. Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM-D) shows that depending on their relative abundance, cationic NPs promote either strong compaction or swelling of films of surface-grafted HA polymers (HA brushes). Transmission electron and atomic force microscopy reveal that the NPs do also give rise to complexes of distinct morphologies-compact nanoscopic spheres and extended microscopic fibers-upon interaction with HA polymers in solution. In particular, stable and hydrated spherical complexes of single HA polymers with NPs can be prepared when balancing the ionizable groups on HA and NPs. The observed self-assembly phenomena could be useful for the design of drug delivery vehicles and a better understanding of the reorganization of HA-rich synthetic or biological matrices.
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