Stability, variation, and application of AFIS fiber length distributions

Abstract

Background: Fiber length is one of the primary quality parameters for the cotton industry when considering the textile performance and end-use quality of cotton. Currently, many decisions regarding cotton fiber length utilize the industry standard measurement device, i.e., the High Volume Instrument (HVI). However, it is documented that complete fiber length distributions hold more information than the currently reported HVI length parameters, i.e., upper half mean length (UHML) and uniformity index (UI). An alternative measurement device, the Advanced Fiber Information System (AFIS), is able to capture additional information about fiber length distribution. What is currently not known is how much additional information the AFIS length distribution holds. Results: The stability of differences in within-sample variation in fiber length captured by the AFIS length distribution by number characterizing differences between samples was deemed stable across the extended testing period. A diverse breeding population was evaluated and four significant sources of within sample variation in length were identified. A comparison of the ability between HVI length parameters and AFIS fiber length distribution to correctly categorize breeding lines to their family was performed. In all cases, the AFIS fiber length distribution more accurately identified germplasm families. Conclusions: The long-term stability test of the AFIS fiber length distribution by number shows that the measurement is stable and can be used to assess differences across samples. However, more information about within-sample variation in fiber length than that can be captured by length parameters is needed to assess differences across samples in many applications. Four length parameters outperform two length parameters when trying to identify the familial background of the samples in this set. These parameters characterize distributional shape differences that are not captured by the standard AFIS length parameters, UQL and short fiber content by number (SFCn). These findings suggest that additional types of variation in cotton fiber length are not captured and are therefore not currently used in most cotton breeding programs.

A New Method to Calculate Cotton Fiber Length Uniformity Using the HVI Fibrogram

“…Cotton bales with long staple-length fibers produce finer and stronger yarns than the bales with short staple-length fibers considering all the other fiber properties as being identical [15,17,18]. However, the average length of the longest fiber is not the only important fiber length parameter in the cotton industry [19][20][21][22]. The complete fiber length distribution also affects yarn quality [17].…”

Investigation of a Multivariate Correction Method for HVI Fibrogram Measurements

“…The cotton industry uses cotton fiber length parameters as potential indicators of endproduct quality. Breeders focus on improving fiber quality using fiber length and other fiber quality parameters to select superior breeding lines [6][7][8]. Screening a breeding nursery based on these parameters allows a breeder to develop germplasm with the potential for improved spinning performance [8,9].…”

“…Within-sample variation in fiber length impacts the quality of the spun yarn [8,[11][12][13]. Excessive short fiber content causes work stoppages and slows mill throughput [6,[14][15][16]. Therefore, measuring the within-sample variation in fiber length is essential for selecting elite breeding lines as well as for mills managing throughput and yarn quality.…”

“…Our goal is not to correct these individual measurements (or other potential measurements based on the fi- The fibrogram holds valuable information about the within-sample variation in fiber length that is not currently reported but is needed by the industry [15,[23][24][25]. In addition, the two length parameters presently reported by the HVI do not characterize the total within-sample variation in fiber length captured by other measurement techniques, such as the Advanced Fiber Information System (AFIS) [6,12]. In a previous publication, we demonstrated that the current HVI fiber length parameters are not independent and share 95% of their variation [23].…”