Stability of Vertically Bent Pipelines Buried in Sand

Abduljauwad, Sahel N.; Al-Ghamedy, Hamdan N.; Siddiqui, Junaid A.; Ibrahim, Azmi; Al-Shayea, N.

doi:10.1115/1.1767858

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The foundation height of the model was 28 cm. It has already been proved by the previous studies that the width of surface deformation on each side of the pipe mid-line is less than 3D [24,25]. When the horizontal spacing between two pipes is greater than 6D, there are no interaction effects between them.…”

Section: Model Preparationmentioning

confidence: 83%

Application of particle image velocimetry (PIV) in the study of uplift mechanisms of pipe buried in medium dense sand

Huang

Ling

et al. 2015

J Civil Struct Health Monit

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Geotechnical centrifuge modeling, which can effectively simulate the stress field of soil in the prototype, was adopted to help investigate the effects of the uplifting of pipes buried at different depths within a medium dense sand under (1) a static state and (2) a dynamic state. To acquire the displacement vector fields and strain contours in the soil around pipes, particle image velocimetry technology was applied. The study focused on the deformation mechanisms of soil surrounding the pipes and ground surface. Two different deformation triggers, external forces and soil liquefaction, were considered. When uplifting was caused by an external force, the relationship between the soil deformation and uplift resistance was similar to the typical ground load-deformation characteristic relationships. There was little displacement of soil during the elastic stage. Along with the uplifting of the pipe, a plastic zone within the range of one pipe diameter (1D) above the pipe appeared in the soil at peak resistance. During the post-peak period, a shear failure plane extended upwards to the ground surface, at an inclined angle forming a trumpetlike shape. The ground surface deformation range expanded according to the buried depth of the pipe. Meanwhile, in a liquefied field, the soil flowed within a heart-shaped region around the pipe. The soil deformation region surrounding a shallow buried pipe, with a width of 5D-6D, was far larger than that found for a pipe buried at the same depth in a static field. Both heave and settlement could be observed on the ground surface.

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Section: Model Preparationmentioning

confidence: 83%

Application of particle image velocimetry (PIV) in the study of uplift mechanisms of pipe buried in medium dense sand

Huang

Ling

et al. 2015

J Civil Struct Health Monit

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“…In 1991, Gokce [9] concluded that a deeper burial depth of a pipeline could greatly improve the capacity of the pipeline to bear thermal stresses. In 2004, Sahel and Hamdan [10] analyzed the stability of the anchored and trenched pipeline with initial imperfections, and discussed the optimal position of the anchor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering measures for preventing upheaval buckling of buried submarine pipelines

Wang

Yan

2012

Appl. Math. Mech.-Engl. Ed.

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In-service hydrocarbons must be transported at high temperature and high pressure to ease the flow and to prevent the solidification of the wax fraction. The high temperature and high pressure will induce the additional stress in the pipeline, which results in the upheaval buckling of the pipeline. If such expansion is resisted, e.g., by the frictional effects of the foundation soil over a kilometer or of a pipeline, the compressive axial stress will be set up in the pipe-wall. When the stress exceeds the constraint of the foundation soil on the pipeline, suddenly-deforming will occur to release the internal stress, similar to the sudden deformation of the strut due to stability problems. The upheaval buckling may jeopardize the structural integrity of the pipeline. Therefore, effective engineering measures against this phenomenon play an important role in the submarine pipeline design. In terms of the pipeline installation and protection measures commonly used in Bohai Gulf, three engineering measures are investigated in great details. An analytical method is introduced and developed to consider the protection effect of the anti-upheaval buckling of the pipeline. The analysis results show that the amplitude of the initial imperfection has a great effect on the pipeline thermal upheaval buckling. Both trenching and burial and discrete dumping are effective techniques in preventing the pipeline from buckling. The initial imperfection and operation conditions of the pipelines determine the covered depth and the number of layers of the protection measures.

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Parametric Study for the Behavior of Blocks Anchor Embedded in Sand at Various Conditions

Al-Shayea,

Hasan

2024

Arab J Sci Eng

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Stability of Vertically Bent Pipelines Buried in Sand

Cited by 8 publications

References 40 publications

Application of particle image velocimetry (PIV) in the study of uplift mechanisms of pipe buried in medium dense sand

Application of particle image velocimetry (PIV) in the study of uplift mechanisms of pipe buried in medium dense sand

Engineering measures for preventing upheaval buckling of buried submarine pipelines

Parametric Study for the Behavior of Blocks Anchor Embedded in Sand at Various Conditions

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