Stability of transverse self-sustained discharge-excited long-pulse XeCl lasers

Coutts, J.; Webb, C. E.

doi:10.1063/1.336586

Cited by 73 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…However, an approximate analysis can be carried out, the results of which provide valuable information on the functional dependence of the Xe II emission . This development provides the mathematical justification for the Xe II diagnostic technique employed in previous work [5][6][7] .…”

Section: Quantitymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The vibrational state populations in the HCI will come to equilibrium within 30 ns or so from the inception of the discharge [5] .…”

Section: Quantitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been shown [5] that the electron number density in a self-sustained discharge-pumped rare-gas-halide laser will increase with time due to halogendonor depletion according to an expression whose leading terms are ne(t) = neo( 1 + zka neo[HCl]otz + . .…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emissions from High-lying Ionic States as a Probe of Excimer-laser Discharge Character

Coutts

Osborne

1987

Journal of Modern Optics

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Section: Quantitymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The vibrational state populations in the HCI will come to equilibrium within 30 ns or so from the inception of the discharge [5] .…”

Section: Quantitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emissions from High-lying Ionic States as a Probe of Excimer-laser Discharge Character

Coutts

Osborne

1987

Journal of Modern Optics

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“…Dyer [6] showed for a TEA CO 2 laser, that small perturbations in the electrical field during the avalanche phase cause fluctuations in the electron density which in case of an excimer laser can initiate long term instabilities like the halogen depletion instability [7].…”

Section: Pacs: 4255gpmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new mode to excite a gas-discharge XeCl laser

Timmermans¹,

Goor

Witteman

1993

Appl. Phys. B

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Abstract.The charge mode is a new mode to excite a discharge XeC1 laser based on the dynamics of a spikersustainer circuit with a magnetic pulse compressor. The breakdown voltage is higher than in any other mode, due to a very fast rise time. The higher breakdown voltage provides a wider discharge and we found that more energy can be deposited before discharge instabilities terminate the optical output. PACS: 42.55.GpThe efficiency of high-pressure, self-sustained, gas-discharge excited lasers, like excimers, can be improved by separating the electrical circuit in a high-impedance, high-voltage spiker circuit and a low impedance sustainer circuit which deposits the main part of the stored energy into the discharge [1]. The spiker circuit provides a fast rising voltage pulse to increase the electron density from its preionization value to its quasi steady state value. Once the discharge has been excited, the sustainer circuit can deposit the stored energy efficiently into the discharge because impedance matching is achieved by charging a Pulse Forming Network (PFN) to twice the dc-breakdown voltage of the gas. To separate the two circuits from each other at least one low inductance switch is needed to prevent the spiker energy from flowing into the low impedance sustainer circuit. Use can be made of a rail-gap switch [1] or an array of switches like thyratrons [2]. Very promising is the application of fast saturable inductors enabling high repetition rate operation. Several circuits have been proposed in which low-loss, high-frequency ferrites are applied to operate the spiker-sustainer circuit in a variety of modes [3][4][5]. Also saturable inductors made of glassy alloys have been used, however, these appear to have higher losses [3].There is a number of reasons why the rise time of the spiker voltage should be as short as possible. Firstly, besides making an electron avalanche, the spiker circuit must also bring the saturable inductor into saturation when a magnetic switch is used. A short rise time lowers the amount of magnetic core material needed and therefore decreases the loss in the saturable inductor.Secondly, a short rise time increases the breakdown voltage of the gas and this provides longer stability. Dyer [6] showed for a TEA CO 2 laser, that small perturbations in the electrical field during the avalanche phase cause fluctuations in the electron density which in case of an excimer laser can initiate long term instabilities like the halogen depletion instability [7].Thirdly, a short rise time prevents preionisation electrons from drifting away from the cathode during the preavalanche phase, which can cause a region with insufficient overlap of the avalanche heads that leads to the onset of streamers [8].Finally, a high breakdown voltage ignites a larger part of the preionized volume as will be shown in this paper. The width of the discharge also depends on the curvature of the electrodes and on the spatial distribution of the preionization electron density.In this paper we describe the performance ...

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“…£ ÒÑÔÎÇAEÐËÇ ÅÑAEÞ AEÎâ ÑÃÝâÔÐÇÐËâ ÍÑÐÕÓÂÍÙËË ÓÂÊ-ÓâAEÑÄ Ä ÅÂÎÑÅÇÐËAEÂØ ËÐÇÓÕÐÞØ ÅÂÊÑÄ ÛËÓÑÍÑ ËÔÒÑÎß-ÊÖÇÕÔâ ÏÇØÂÐËÊÏ ÐÇÖÔÕÑÌÚËÄÑÔÕË, ÑÔÐÑÄÂÐÐÞÌ ÐÂ ÎÑ-ÍÂÎßÐÑÏ ÓÂÊÎÑÉÇÐËË ÅÂÎÑÅÇÐÔÑAEÇÓÉÂÜËØ ÏÑÎÇÍÖÎ [84]. …”

Section: ¶ñóïëóñäâðëç òçóçøñAeðñåñ õîçáüçåñmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-sustained volume discharge

Осипов¹

2000

Usp. Fiz. Nauk

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¬ àÕËÏ ÖÓÂÄÐÇÐËâÏ ÐÇÑÃØÑAEËÏÑ AEÑÃÂÄËÕß ÐÂÚÂÎßÐÞÇ Ë ÅÓÂÐËÚÐÞÇ ÖÔÎÑÄËâ:ÅAEÇ c ì ÔÍÑÓÑÔÕß ÔÄÇÕÂ, ³ÄâÊß ÏÇÉAEÖ ÕÑÍÑÏ Ë ÐÂÒÓâÉÇÐËÇÏ ÐÂ ÅÓÂÐËÙÇ ÑÃ-ÎÂÔÕÇÌ ÖÚËÕÞÄÂÎÂÔß ÔÎÇAEÖáÜËÏ ÑÃÓÂÊÑÏ: dx À e e 0 n i j i e 0 v i Y 26 d j i dx Àa j e Y 27 ÔÑ ÔÎÇAEÖáÜËÏË ÅÓÂÐËÚÐÞÏË ÖÔÎÑÄËâÏË: j j e j i Y j e 0 Gj i 0 h j a i g i j i 0 Y 28 h j a i p p ab 2 x 5 3a2 exp À 25 x 1 2 x p5 r x 2p5 Y 29ÅAEÇ y ln1 GaG. ±ÓË ÓÂÔÚÇÕÇ P AEÎâ ÖÚÇÕÂ ËÊÏÇÐÇÐËâ àÎÇÍÕÓËÚÇÔÍÑÅÑ ÒÑÎâ ÐÂ ÑÔÕÓËÇ ÍÂÐÂÎÂ ÔÑÄÏÇÔÕÐÑ Ô ÖÓÂÄÐÇÐËâÏË ÅËAEÓÑ-AEËÐÂÏËÍË ÓÇÛÂÎÑÔß ÖÓÂÄÐÇÐËÇ ÂÒÎÂÔÂ AEÎâ ÑÔÕÓËÌ ÓÂÊÎËÚÐÑÌ ×ÑÓÏÞ. ³ÍÑÓÑÔÕß ÒÓÑÓÂÔÕÂÐËâ ÍÂÐÂÎÂ AEÎâ ÑÔÕÓËâ Ä ×ÑÓÏÇ àÎÎËÒÔÑËAEÂ ÄÓÂÜÇÐËâ ÐÂØÑAEËÕÔâ ÔÎÇAEÖá-ÜËÏ ÑÃÓÂÊÑÏ: The state-of-the-art in the physics of large-volume high-power gas discharges is reviewed. The characteristic properties and distinguishing features of high-pressure self-sustained discharges are discussed, existing experimental data are presented, and major formation and constriction models considered. It is shown that the lower bound on the discharge ignition voltage is due to the onset of cathode instability. Relations between the discharge parameters at the glowing and power delivery stages are analyzed. Record discharge characteristics are presented and diféculties involved in constructing a comprehensive theory of this type of discharge are pointed out.

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Stability of transverse self-sustained discharge-excited long-pulse XeCl lasers

Cited by 73 publications

References 14 publications

Emissions from High-lying Ionic States as a Probe of Excimer-laser Discharge Character

Emissions from High-lying Ionic States as a Probe of Excimer-laser Discharge Character

A new mode to excite a gas-discharge XeCl laser

Self-sustained volume discharge

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