Stability of Therapeutic Enzymes: Challenges and Recent Advances

Ghosh, Sudipta; Alam, Shahenvaz; Rathore, Anurag S.; Khare, Sunil Kumar

doi:10.1007/978-981-13-7709-9_7

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…From a therapeutic perspective, the different amino acid composition of these enzymes gives a wider range of epitopes and, consequently, produces different immunogenicity profiles of the marketed enzymatic drugs. It is emphasized that these characteristics point to a promising scenario, with more effective treatments and few adverse effects, especially in immunological bias, by reducing hypersensitivity reactions (Ghosh et al 2019).…”

Section: Therapeutic Potential Of the Antarctic Psychrophilic Enzymes...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antarctic environments as a source of bacterial and fungal therapeutic enzymes

LIMA

Bispo

AGOSTINHO

et al. 2022

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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Microbial therapeutic enzymes are the protagonists in the pharmacological treatment of different human diseases. The intrinsic enzymatic characteristics, such as high affinity and specificity to the corresponding substrate, enable effective therapies, with minimal adverse effects and complete remission. However, immunogenicity, short half-life, low enzymatic yield, and low selectivity regarding available enzyme drugs are currently the main obstacles to their development and the broad adherence to therapeutic protocols. By harboring adapted and still unexplored microbial life, environments of extreme conditions, such as Antarctica, become especially important in the prospecting and development of new enzymatic compounds that present higher yields and the possibility of genetic improvement. Antarctic microorganisms have adaptation mechanisms, such as more fluid cell membranes, production of antifreeze proteins and enzymes with more malleable structures, more robust, stable, selective catalytic sites for their respective substrates, and high antioxidant capacity. In this context, this review aims to explore enzymes synthesized by bacteria and fungi from Antarctica as potential drug producers, capable of providing therapeutic efficacy, less adverse effects, and lower production costs with highlight to L-Asparaginase, collagenase, superoxide dismutase and ribonucleases. In addition, this review highlights the unique biotechnological profile of these Antarctic extremophile microorganisms.

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Section: Therapeutic Potential Of the Antarctic Psychrophilic Enzymes...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antarctic environments as a source of bacterial and fungal therapeutic enzymes

LIMA

Bispo

AGOSTINHO

et al. 2022

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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“…21,22 Moreover, the challenges of fast degradation and immunogenicity caused by exogenous enzymes also limit their application. 23,24 Thus, to overcome the drawbacks of natural enzymes other approaches have been considered. For example, nanozymes, which are nanomaterials with enzyme-like properties, have been introduced to protect Hb from oxidization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal–organic framework-based oxygen carriers with antioxidant protection as a result of a polydopamine coating

Liu

Jansman

et al. 2021

Biomater. Sci.

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Challenges of enzyme therapy: Why two players are better than one

Cuoghi,

Caraffi,

Anderlini

et al. 2024

WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol

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Enzyme‐based therapy has garnered significant attention for its current applications in various diseases. Despite the notable advantages associated with the use of enzymes as therapeutic agents, that could have high selectivity, affinity, and specificity for the target, their application faces challenges linked to physico‐chemical and pharmacological properties. These limitations can be addressed through the encapsulation of enzymes in nanoplatforms as a comprehensive solution to mitigate their degradation, loss of activity, off‐target accumulation, and immunogenicity, thus enhancing bioavailability, therapeutic efficacy, and circulation time, thereby reducing the number of administrations, and ameliorating patient compliance. The exploration of novel nanomedicine‐based enzyme therapeutics for the treatment of challenging diseases stands as a paramount goal in the contemporary scientific landscape, but even then it is often not enough. Combining an enzyme with another therapeutic (e.g., a small molecule, another enzyme or protein, a monoclonal antibody, or a nucleic acid) within a single nanocarrier provides innovative multidrug‐integrated therapy and ensures that both the actives arrive at the target site and exert their therapeutic effect, leading to synergistic action and superior therapeutic efficacy. Moreover, this strategic approach could be extended to gene therapy, a field that nowadays has gained increasing attention, as enzymes acting at genomic level and nucleic acids may be combined for synergistic therapy. This multicomponent therapeutic approach opens opportunities for promising future developments.This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Neurological Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies

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Stability of Therapeutic Enzymes: Challenges and Recent Advances

Cited by 7 publications

References 123 publications

Antarctic environments as a source of bacterial and fungal therapeutic enzymes

Antarctic environments as a source of bacterial and fungal therapeutic enzymes

Metal–organic framework-based oxygen carriers with antioxidant protection as a result of a polydopamine coating

Challenges of enzyme therapy: Why two players are better than one

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