Stability of Solanum aethiopicum Shum accessions under varied water deficit stress levels and identification of pertinent breeding traits for resistance to water shortage

Sseremba, Godfrey; Tongoona, Pangirayi; Eleblu, John Saviour Yaw; Danquah, Eric Yirenkyi; Kaweesi, Tadeo; Baguma, Yona; Masanza, Michael; Kizito, Elizabeth Balyejusa

doi:10.1007/s10681-017-2097-8

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Thus, accessions 184P and 163P can be considered as the most stable across test environments while 168P, 148, 141, and 137 were the most sensitive. Sseremba et al (2018b) had earlier obtained similar results when the environments were based on drought stress levels in a screen house study.…”

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confidence: 53%

Stability for descriptors of Solanum aethiopicum Shum group (family Solanaceae)

Kabod¹,

Sseremba²,

Buteme³

et al. 2018

J. Plant Breed. Crop Sci.

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Solanum aethiopicum Shum group is a nutrient-rich and income-generating crop enterprise in various sub-Saharan Africa countries. Despite its importance, the development of its improved varieties has not been prioritized. Until now, no field-based descriptor development reference for the crop is available for testing candidate varieties for distinctiveness, uniformity and stability. The purpose of this study is to identify morphological variables that provide identity of S. aethiopicum Shum group accessions across environments. With ten accessions across three test locations, it was observed that the highly polymorphic morphological variables were majorly vegetative and a few reproductive ones. They include plant height at flowering, plant canopy breadth, plant branching, petiole color, petiole length, leaf blade length, leaf blade width, leaf lobbing, leaf tip angle, flowering time, style length, fruit position, fruit flesh density, fruits per inflorescence and fruit flavor. A static stability analysis, a common selection technique for obtaining consistence in performance of genotypes, showed that accessions varied in their interaction with environments for different descriptors. The most statically stable accessions were 184P and 163P while the least stables were 168P, 148, 141, and 137. The findings indicate the potential for identifying unique and stable varieties of S. aethiopicum Shum group for the processing of official release to farmers.

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confidence: 53%

Stability for descriptors of Solanum aethiopicum Shum group (family Solanaceae)

Kabod¹,

Sseremba²,

Buteme³

et al. 2018

J. Plant Breed. Crop Sci.

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“…The pots were of 10 kg soil capacity. Field capacity (100% FC) of the potting substrate was established following a procedure described in Sseremba et al 17 and Nakanwagi et al 20 . It was found to be ~3.0 litres of water per 10 kg of potting substrate.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The leaf morphological traits namely leaf wilting score (LWS), number of green leaves per plant (LPP) and leaf blade width (LBW) were measured on individual plants. Decision to concentrate on the four parameters was based on the insights provided by Banik et al 24 and Sseremba et al 17,29 . The SMC was measured in individual pots in percentage volume by volume using a portable digital soil moisture meter (model SKZ111K-1B, SKZ Industrial Co., Limited, D-11, No.9 Lanxiang road, Tianqiao District, Jinan, Shandong province, China).…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The LWS was taken on individual plants using a scale of 1 to 5 where 1 = no visible leaf wilting symptoms, 2 = 1-25% of leaves are showing slight wilting; 3 = 25-50% of leaves are wilted; 4 = 50-100% of leaves are wilted but still attached to plant; and 5 = complete defoliation and stem scorching. The LPP and LBW are measured as described in Sseremba et al 17 .…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of growth stage-specific watering thresholds for drought screening in Solanum aethiopicum Shum

Nakanwagi

Sseremba

Kabod

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Effective phenotyping for drought resistance is a prerequisite for identification of modest crop varieties for farmers. For neglected and underutilized crops such as Solanum aethiopicum Shum group, no drought screening protocol based on rigorous iterations has been documented. A split-plot nested treatment structure was arranged in an experiment to identify growth stage-specific watering thresholds for this crop. Three plant growth stages (main plot; seedling, vegetative and flowering), watering regime at plant growth stage (2 regimes; well-watered and drought stressed) and day since last watering at plant growth stage were evaluated for soil moisture content (SMC), leaf wilting score (LWS), number of green leaves per plant (LPP) and leaf blade width (LBW). Highly significant differences (p < 0.001) were found at the different plant growth stages, watering regime (WR) within plant growth stage, and day within WR and plant growth stage. Under drought stress treatment, SMC declined exponentially at each stage. The earliest leaf wilting, reduction in LPP and LBW were generally observed at flowering followed by vegetative and slowest at the seedling stage. For future effective drought phenotyping studies in S. aethiopicum Shum and related crops, we recommend setting minimum drought stress treatments below 18% SMC at which the LWS is ≥2 at the vegetative. Solanum aethiopicum Shum is a nutrient rich leafy vegetable consumed in Sub Saharan Africa 1. It is thus a potential remedial to hidden hunger 2-8. Smallholder farmers and vendors find the crop a largely affordable enterprise because of low input requirements along the production-marketing value chain 1,9. In Uganda only, at least 4,000,000 people are directly engaged in either production or vending of the S. aethiopicum Shum 1,10,11 ; justifying need for research investment. High population involvement has as well been reported elsewhere 3,7,12-14. Extent of contribution of the crop to alleviation of hidden hunger is however, threatened by biotic and abiotic constraints 15-17. Postharvest deterioration and drought stress are the two major moisture-related abiotic challenges directly affecting market vendors and farmers, respectively 1,16,18. At the market place, non-turgid leaves either sell for low price or they are entirely rejected by consumers, attracting a direct loss to the vendors 9,18. Similarly, drought stress reduces leaf size thereby reducing the harvest index 19,20 to the detriment of the farmer. These issues point to a need for identification of long storage and/or drought tolerant varieties 1,2,9. However, S. aethiopicum is a research neglected crop 5 and inadequate breeding clues for drought improvement exist 17,20-22. An absence of a reliable drought phenotyping protocol for S. aethiopicum Shum group curtails the development of improved varieties 23. Optimum drought screening conditions in terms of effective crop growth stage for selection against drought stress, wilting points and discerning parameters had not been thoroughly investigated. Studies b...

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“…Data collection was carried out every two weeks on agronomic traits for growth and yield like plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, number of branches per plant, plant vigour, stem girth, total biomass, shoot biomass, root biomass and harvest index as earlier described by Sseremba et al (2017aSseremba et al ( , 2017bSseremba et al ( , 2018 and Nakanwagi et al (2018). The plant height was measured using a meter rule and the stem girth was determined using the thread and meter rule method (Amhakhian et al, 2010).…”

Section: Data Collection and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Different Rates of Poultry Manure and Bio-Slurry on the Yield of Solanum aethiopicum Shum

Nanyanzi¹,

Kizito²,

Masanza³

et al. 2018

JAS

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Poor soil fertility remains the major cause of low crop productivity on smallholder farms that are engaging in vegetable production in sub-Saharan Africa. Appropriate soil fertility regimes are therefore critical for improving crop productivity. Its yield has remained low mainly due to poor soil fertility. A field experiment in two different seasons was planted in a Completely Randomized Block Design using Solanum aethiopicum Shum (Nakati). The treatments were 3 sole fertilizer options applied at the following rates: poultry manure and bio-slurry manure at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 t ha-1, NPK (25:5:5) at the recommend application rate for tomato which is a sister crop and a control without any fertilizer. Crop budgets were used to determine the economic optimum rates of both sole applications of manure and combinations of manure with NPK. The sole applications and showed significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased the yield of S. aethiopicum compared with the control. The established biological optimum rates were at 24.19 t ha-1 and 21.51 t ha-1 for poultry manure and bio-slurry respectively. Using the crop budgets it was concluded that the established economic optimum rates were 20 t ha-1 and 10 t ha-1 for sole poultry manure and bio-slurry respectively. Recommendations for use of sole poultry manure and bio- slurry at the rate of 20 t ha-1 and 10 t ha-1 respectively were made.

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Stability of Solanum aethiopicum Shum accessions under varied water deficit stress levels and identification of pertinent breeding traits for resistance to water shortage

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

Stability for descriptors of Solanum aethiopicum Shum group (family Solanaceae)

Stability for descriptors of Solanum aethiopicum Shum group (family Solanaceae)

Identification of growth stage-specific watering thresholds for drought screening in Solanum aethiopicum Shum

Effect of Different Rates of Poultry Manure and Bio-Slurry on the Yield of Solanum aethiopicum Shum

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