Stability of set-shifting and planning abilities in patients with schizophrenia

Tyson, Philip John; Laws, Keith R.; Roberts, Kate; Mortimer, Ann

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2004.09.007

Cited by 71 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In more recent years a more conclusive battery of tests known as CANTAB (Cambridge neuropsychological test battery) has been developed (Downes et al, 1989). The attentional set-shifting task represents a rat analogue of the human WCST and the CANTAB ID/ED task in which schizophrenia patients exhibit impaired set-shifting (Kolb and Wishaw, 1983;Haut et al, 1996;Pantelis et al, 1999;Tyson et al, 2004). The TURNS initiative has identified that this test can be used to determine the problem solving deficits described in the MATRICS cognitive battery (www.turns.ucla.edu).…”

Section: Attentional Set-shiftingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal models of cognitive dysfunction and negative symptoms of schizophrenia: Focus on NMDA receptor antagonism

Neill

Barnes

Cook

et al. 2010

Pharmacology & Therapeutics

468

322

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Cognitive deficits in schizophrenia remain an unmet clinical need. Improved understanding of the neuro-and psychopathology of these deficits depends on the availability of carefully validated animal models which will assist the development of novel therapies. There is much evidence that at least some of the pathology and symptomatology (particularly cognitive and negative symptoms) of schizophrenia results from a dysfunction of the glutamatergic system which may be modelled in animals through the use of NMDA receptor antagonists. The current review examines the validity of this model in rodents. We review the ability of acute and sub-chronic treatment with three non-competitive NMDA antagonists; phencyclidine (PCP), ketamine and MK801 (dizocilpine) to produce cognitive disturbances of relevance to schizophrenia in rodents and their subsequent reversal by first-and second-generation antipsychotic drugs. Effects of NMDA receptor antagonists on the performance of rodents in behavioural tests assessing the various domains of cognition and negative symptoms are examined: novel object recognition for visual memory, reversal learning and attentional set shifting for problem solving and reasoning, 5-choice serial reaction time for attention and speed of processing; in addition to effects on social behaviour and neuropathology. The evidence strongly supports the use of NMDA receptor antagonists to model cognitive deficit and negative symptoms of schizophrenia as well as certain pathological disturbances seen in the illness. This will facilitate the evaluation of much-needed novel therapies for improved therapy of cognitive deficits and negative symptoms in schizophrenia.

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Section: Attentional Set-shiftingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal models of cognitive dysfunction and negative symptoms of schizophrenia: Focus on NMDA receptor antagonism

Neill

Barnes

Cook

et al. 2010

Pharmacology & Therapeutics

468

322

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In humans, the former task is thought to depend upon the integrity of orbitofrontal neuro-circuitry and, the latter, ventro-lateral prefrontal cortex circuits (Hampshire & Owen 2006). Compared with healthy controls, patients with schizophrenia exhibit significant deficits that include high levels of perseverative errors on both elements of the task (Elliott et al 1998 ;Tyson et al 2004 ;Ceaser et al 2008). The Stockings of Cambridge (SOC ; computerized version of Tower of London) task assesses planning and thinking and is thought to involve the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Stockings of Cambridge (SOC ; computerized version of Tower of London) task assesses planning and thinking and is thought to involve the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Patients with schizophrenia typically make fewer perfect solutions and more moves on the SOC task (Pantelis et al 1997 ;Elliott et al 1998 ;Hutton et al 1998 ;Tyson et al 2004 ;Braw et al 2008). The Cambridge Gamble Task (CGT) of decision making and impulsivity is sensitive to the integrity of orbitofrontal neuro-circuitry (Rahman et al 1999 ;Rogers et al 1999 ;Murphy et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, Chamberlain et al (2007 a) found the OCD group made more attempts to correct solution on the SOC task. A functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study using the SOC found poorer planning in OCD patients, which was associated with decreased dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and caudate nucleus activity when compared with controls (van den Heuvel et al 2005). Unlike patients with schizophrenia, however, individuals with OCD do not exhibit abnormal performance on the CGT (Watkins et al 2005 ;Chamberlain et al 2007a), although they make more omission errors for sad words than matched controls, suggesting a selective attentional bias toward negative stimuli (Chamberlain et al 2007a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The neuropsychology of the schizo-obsessive subtype of schizophrenia: a new analysis

et al. 2009

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Background. Interest in the neuro-cognitive profile of patients with schizophrenia and co-morbid obsessive compulsive disorder (schizo-OCD) is rising in response to reports of high co-morbidity rates. Whereas schizophrenia has been associated with global impairment in a wide range of neuro-cognitive domains, OCD is associated with specific deficits featuring impaired performance on tasks of motor and cognitive inhibition involving frontostriatal neurocircuitry.Method. We compared cognitive function using the CANTAB battery in patients with schizo-OCD (n=12) and a schizophrenia group without OCD symptoms (n=16). The groups were matched for IQ, gender, age, medication, and duration of illness.Results. The schizo-OCD patients made significantly more errors on a task of attentional set-shifting (ID-ED set-shift task). By contrast, no significant differences emerged on the Stockings of Cambridge task, the Cambridge Gamble Task or the Affective Go/NoGo tasks. No correlation emerged between ID-ED performance and severity of schizophrenia, OCD or depressive symptoms, consistent with neurocognitive impairment holding trait rather than statemarker status. Schizo-obsessives also exhibited a trend toward more motor tics emphasizing a neurological contribution to the disorder. Conclusion.Our findings reveal a more severe attentional set-shifting deficit and neurological abnormality that may be fundamental to the neuro-cognitive profile of schizo-OCD. The clinical implications of these impairments merit further exploration in larger studies.

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“…It investigates the ability to learn a rule and form an attentional set within the same sorting category (intra-dimensional shift (IDS), as well as the ability to shift attentional set between different sorting categories (extra-dimensional shift (EDS). Analysis of the ID/ED task (from the CANTAB computerised test battery; [15]) in patients with schizophrenia has revealed significant impairments in the EDS phase [57].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A preliminary investigation into the effects of antipsychotics on sub-chronic phencyclidine-induced deficits in attentional set-shifting in female rats

McLean

Beck

Woolley

et al. 2008

Behavioural Brain Research

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Rationale: The NMDA receptor antagonist, phencyclidine (PCP), has been shown to induce symptoms characteristic of schizophrenia. A loss in executive function and the ability to shift attention between stimulus dimensions is impaired in schizophrenia; this can be assessed in rodents by the perceptual attentional set-shifting task. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the deficits induced by sub-chronic PCP in attentional set-shifting could be reversed by sub-chronic administration of clozapine, risperidone or haloperidol. Methods: Adult female hooded-Lister rats received subchronic PCP (2 mg/kg) or vehicle (1 ml/kg) i.p. twice daily for seven days, followed by a seven-day washout period. PCP-treated rats then received clozapine, risperidone, haloperidol or vehicle once daily for seven days and were then tested in the perceptual set-shifting task. Results: PCP significantly (p<0.01) increased the number of trials to reach criterion in the EDS phase when compared to vehicle and this deficit was significantly (p<0.01) attenuated by sub-chronic clozapine (2.5 mg/kg) and risperidone (0.2 mg/kg), but not by sub-chronic haloperidol treatment (0.05 mg/kg). Conclusions:These data show that sub-chronic PCP produced a robust deficit within the EDS phase in the attentional set-shifting task, in female rats. Atypical antipsychotics, clozapine and risperidone, but not the classical agent, haloperidol, significantly improved the PCPinduced cognitive deficit.

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Stability of set-shifting and planning abilities in patients with schizophrenia

Cited by 71 publications

References 34 publications

Animal models of cognitive dysfunction and negative symptoms of schizophrenia: Focus on NMDA receptor antagonism

Animal models of cognitive dysfunction and negative symptoms of schizophrenia: Focus on NMDA receptor antagonism

The neuropsychology of the schizo-obsessive subtype of schizophrenia: a new analysis

A preliminary investigation into the effects of antipsychotics on sub-chronic phencyclidine-induced deficits in attentional set-shifting in female rats

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