Stability of radiopaque iodine-containing biomaterials

New acrylic microspheres for arterial embolization: Combining radiopacity for precise localization with immobilized thrombin to trigger local blood coagulation

“…No toxic effect of the spheres could be measured, which is in line with earlier work on the biosafety of iodinecontaining microspheres [22,28]. The cytocompatibility of our current spheres is supported by the biosafety of iodinecontaining polymers in general [29,30]. Therefore one can assume that our microspheres will be safe for in vivo use, although animal experiments should still be performed.…”

Elaboration of radiopaque iodinated nanoparticles for in situ control of local drug delivery

“…To overcome those limitations, polymers with intrinsic radiopacity are prepared by covalently binding brominated or iodinated moieties to the polymer backbone [9]. Quite a large variety of iodinated polymer types have been synthesized either by radical polymerization of iodinated methacrylate derivatives [10,11], or by polycondensation of iodinated monomers [12,13], or by chemical grafting of iodinated lateral substituents to the polymer backbone [14][15][16].…”

Chemical structure of methylmethacrylate-2-[2′,3′,5′-triiodobenzoyl]oxoethyl methacrylate copolymer, radio-opacity, in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility

“…One well-known solution, especially in the case of dental and bone cements, is the incorporation of inorganic additives, such as barium sulphate or zirconium dioxide particles. In the case of methacrylic bone cements, it has been reported that these particles diminish the mechanical properties (especially fatigue life) due to the creation of interfaces between the polymeric matrix and the inorganic radio-opacifying particles [1,[7][8][9][10][11][12]. In addition, the release of such particles has been found to be deleterious to bone since they activate bone resorption [13].…”