Stability of pyrochar and hydrochar in agricultural soil - a new field incubation method

Gronwald, Marco; Vos, Cora; Helfrich, Mirjam; Don, Axel

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.08.019

Cited by 44 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 61 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The different behaviour of hydrochar and pyrochar is likely linked to their different chemical and physical structure and more specifically to their different stability. Our findings are in agreement with those of Gronwald et al (). They compared the stability of pyrochar and hydrochar and found that 23–30% of initial added hydrochar‐C was mineralized after 19 months in situ field incubation, while C derived from pyrochar did not change significantly over time.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Can hydrochar and pyrochar affect nitrogen uptake and biomass allocation in poplars?

George

Ventura

Panzacchi

et al. 2017

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Positive effects of pyrochar on soil nutrient availability and plant growth are widely reported in literature. However, few studies have reported effects of hydrochars on plant nutrition. A pot trial was conducted over a period of 2 years to investigate the effect of a pyrochar (AGT) and a hydrochar (HTC) on poplar (Populus × generosa, clone AF8) growth, biomass allocation and nitrogen (N) uptake with special emphasis on the quantification (using an isotopic mass balance approach) of char‐derived nitrogen (CDN) absorbed by plants. We found that both pyrochar and hydrochar positively affected above‐ground biomass productivity in the first year, and biomass and nitrogen (N) allocation over the 2 years by reducing the allocation of resources to fine roots. By the end of the experiment, even though the total N uptake was not affected by char, the CDN was more than 24% of the total N absorbed by HTC‐treated plants compared to a negligible amount absorbed by AGT‐treated ones. Finally, char did not affect nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in the first year of growth, but by the end of the experiment, NUE was higher in the above‐ground biomass of HTC‐treated than in AGT‐ and control poplars.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Can hydrochar and pyrochar affect nitrogen uptake and biomass allocation in poplars?

George

Ventura

Panzacchi

et al. 2017

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Hydrochars also tend to exhibit higher H/C and 0/C ratios than pyrochars [17]. Sorne authors have reported phytotoxicity and low stability in hydrochars [18,19], while fewer concerns exist in regards to the phytotoxicity of pyrochars [20]. The nutrient content and other relevant properties for soil addition purposes are going to vary depending on the choice of thermochemical process and the temperature of operation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermogravimetric analysis and carbon stability of chars produced from slow pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization of manure waste

Cárdenas-Aguiar

Gascó

Paz‐Ferreiro

et al. 2019

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Large amounts of manure waste are produced worldwide. Land application of manure waste is the most common approach to valorization. This practice has severa! environmental concerns, including pathogen spreading, emissions of odorous chemicals (ammonia or methane) and the pollution of waterbodies with nitrogen and phosphorous compounds. The pyrolysis of manure for biochar production has been tested as a useful treatment to avoid these concerns but the high moisture of sorne wastes hinders its thermo-chemical valorisation in the absence of a pre-drying step. Recently, hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of wet biomass has been identified as a cost-effective valorisation method of biomass without the need for energy-intensive drying processes. The objective of this study is to compare the properties of pyrochars and hydrochars prepared from thermal treatment of rabbit manure (MW). Pyrochars were prepared at 450 ºC (BMW450) and 600 ºC (BMW600) and hydrochars were obtained using a rabbit manure solution (solid:water ratio 30:70) that was heated at 190 ºC (HMWl 90) and 240 ºC (HMW240). The final temperature was maintained during 1 h for pyrochars and 6 h for hydrochars. Results showed that HTC generated more micro-, meso-and macro-porosity than pyrolysis. Pyrochar produced at 600 ºC possessed a high thermal, chemical and biological stability, probably due to its highly aromatic structure. Hydrochars (HMWl 90 and HMW240) were predominantly aliphatic, and this was associated to a lower chemical and thermal stability than pyrochars. The germination index values indicated that the pyrochar BMW450 and the two hydrochars were highly phytotoxic while pyrochar MWB600 presented a moderate phytotoxicity, which was lower than the manure waste. Finally, C0 2 emissions of different materials after 60 days followed the order: MW > HMW190 > HMW240 > BMW450 > BMW600. Specifically, pyrolysis evolved C0 2 was reduced between 97.8-88.7% with respect to raw material after pyrolysis. The HTC treatment diminished evolved C0 2 between 68.8 -59.0%, with respect to the manure. These results indicate that both processes can be considered as carbon fixation technologies.

show abstract

“…The tiller (TF) and panicle (PF) fertilizers were applied at a rate of 96 and 48 kg N ha −1 on Jul. 16 and Aug. 14, respectively. During the rice growing season, all the columns shared the same irrigation treatment, which were keeping with a 3 cm water layer, except a midseason drainage from Jul.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared with PC by pyrolysis, hydrochar (HC) is produced by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) 15 . During HTC, biomass is heated in the presence of water and autogenous pressure in an oxygen free environment 16 . HTC takes the advantages of higher char yield, lower amounts of energy during production 17,18 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochar did not reduce rice paddy NH3 volatilization compared to pyrochar in a soil column experiment

Liu

Cheng

Liu

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pyrochar (PC) is always with high pH value, and improper application might increase rice paddy ammonia volatilization (PAV), which is the main nitrogen loss through air during rice production. Differently, hydrochar (HC) takes the advantages of high productive rate and always with lower pH value compared with PC. However, effect pattern and mechanism of HC on PAV are still unclear. In the present study, soil column experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of PC and HC application on PAV. In total, treatments with four types of biochar (WPC, SPC, WHC and SHC, i.e., PC and HC prepared with wheat straw and sawdust, respectively) and two application rates (0.5% and 1.5%, w/w) were set up and non-biochar application was used as control. Results showed that, application of HC with low pH value could not reduce PAV compared with PC. Total PAV increased significantly as the increase of HC application rate (especially for WHC). The increment of PAV under high rate HC application might be due to the strong buffer capacity of soil, the aging of biochar, the high nitrogen from HC. The results indicated that HC should be pretreatment before utilization in agricultural environment considering PAV reduction.

show abstract

Stability of pyrochar and hydrochar in agricultural soil - a new field incubation method

Cited by 44 publications

References 61 publications

Can hydrochar and pyrochar affect nitrogen uptake and biomass allocation in poplars?

Can hydrochar and pyrochar affect nitrogen uptake and biomass allocation in poplars?

Thermogravimetric analysis and carbon stability of chars produced from slow pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization of manure waste

Hydrochar did not reduce rice paddy NH3 volatilization compared to pyrochar in a soil column experiment

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About