Stability of Orthodontic Treatment Results in Patients Living in Radionuclide-Contaminated Regions

Abstract

The 1968 accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant led not only to significant environmental changes, but also to a deterioration in the health and quality of life of the population living in radiation-contaminated areas, including an increase in the number of complex dental anomalies requiring orthodontic treatment. In the decades that have passed since the accident, the authors have conducted studies of the effect of radiation on the body as a whole, but the question of the effect of radiation on the dentition remains insufficiently studied. The aim of our study was to determine changes in the level of secretory parameters of gingival fluid in patients in the retention period after active orthodontic treatment. It was found that the restoration of the level of immunoglobulins and interleukins to normal values in patients living in radiation-contaminated areas requires a longer time compared with the same parameters in patients of the control group. In this regard, such patients may be recommended moderate or permanent retention of the results of orthodontic treatment to prevent relapses of dental anomalies. We believe our results will support the development of a differentiated system for orthodontic rehabilitation and follow-up of individuals exposed to radiation as a result of the Chernobyl accident.