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We show the existence of unbounded solutions to difference equations of the form { x n + 1 = c ′ n x n B n y n , y n + 1 = b n x n + c n y n A n + C n y n f o r n = 0 , 1 , … , \left\{ {\matrix{{{x_{n + 1}} = {{{{c'}_n}{x_n}} \over {{B_n}{y_n}}},} \hfill \cr {{y_{n + 1}} = {{{b_n}{x_n} + {c_n}{y_n}} \over {{A_n} + {C_n}{y_n}}}} \hfill \cr } \,\,\,\,\,for} \right.\,\,\,n = 0,1, \ldots , where { c ′ n } n = 0 ∞ \left\{ {{{c'}_n}} \right\}_{n = 0}^\infty , { B ′ n } n = 0 ∞ \left\{ {{{B'}_n}} \right\}_{n = 0}^\infty , { b n } n = 0 ∞ \left\{ {{b_n}} \right\}_{n = 0}^\infty , { c n } n = 0 ∞ \left\{ {{c_n}} \right\}_{n = 0}^\infty , and { A n } n = 0 ∞ \left\{ {{A_n}} \right\}_{n = 0}^\infty are all bounded above and below by positive constants, and { C n } n = 0 ∞ \left\{ {{C_n}} \right\}_{n = 0}^\infty is either bounded above and below by positive constants or is identically zero. In the latter case, we give an example which can be reduced to a system of the form { x n + 1 = x n y n , y n + 1 = x n + γ n y n f o r n = 0 , 1 , … , \left\{ {\matrix{ {{x_{n + 1}} = {{{x_n}} \over {{y_n}}},} \hfill \cr {{y_{n + 1}} = {x_n} + {\gamma _n}{y_n}} \hfill \cr } \,\,\,\,\,for} \right.\,\,\,n = 0,1, \ldots , where 0 < γ′ < γ n < γ < 1 for some constants γ and γ′ for all n. This provides a counterexample to the main result of the 2021 paper by Camouzis and Kotsios.
We show the existence of unbounded solutions to difference equations of the form { x n + 1 = c ′ n x n B n y n , y n + 1 = b n x n + c n y n A n + C n y n f o r n = 0 , 1 , … , \left\{ {\matrix{{{x_{n + 1}} = {{{{c'}_n}{x_n}} \over {{B_n}{y_n}}},} \hfill \cr {{y_{n + 1}} = {{{b_n}{x_n} + {c_n}{y_n}} \over {{A_n} + {C_n}{y_n}}}} \hfill \cr } \,\,\,\,\,for} \right.\,\,\,n = 0,1, \ldots , where { c ′ n } n = 0 ∞ \left\{ {{{c'}_n}} \right\}_{n = 0}^\infty , { B ′ n } n = 0 ∞ \left\{ {{{B'}_n}} \right\}_{n = 0}^\infty , { b n } n = 0 ∞ \left\{ {{b_n}} \right\}_{n = 0}^\infty , { c n } n = 0 ∞ \left\{ {{c_n}} \right\}_{n = 0}^\infty , and { A n } n = 0 ∞ \left\{ {{A_n}} \right\}_{n = 0}^\infty are all bounded above and below by positive constants, and { C n } n = 0 ∞ \left\{ {{C_n}} \right\}_{n = 0}^\infty is either bounded above and below by positive constants or is identically zero. In the latter case, we give an example which can be reduced to a system of the form { x n + 1 = x n y n , y n + 1 = x n + γ n y n f o r n = 0 , 1 , … , \left\{ {\matrix{ {{x_{n + 1}} = {{{x_n}} \over {{y_n}}},} \hfill \cr {{y_{n + 1}} = {x_n} + {\gamma _n}{y_n}} \hfill \cr } \,\,\,\,\,for} \right.\,\,\,n = 0,1, \ldots , where 0 < γ′ < γ n < γ < 1 for some constants γ and γ′ for all n. This provides a counterexample to the main result of the 2021 paper by Camouzis and Kotsios.
<abstract><p>We use the Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser (KAM) theory to investigate the stability of solutions of a system of difference equations, a certain class of a generalized May's host-parasitoid model. We show the existence of the extinction, interior, and boundary equilibrium points and examine their stability. When the rate of increase of hosts is less than one, the zero equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable, which means that both populations are extinct. We thoroughly describe the dynamics of 1:1 non-isolated resonance fixed points and have used the KAM theory to determine the stability of interior equilibrium point. Also, we have conducted several numerical simulations to support our findings by using the software package Mathematica.</p></abstract>
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