Stability of In2O3 nanoparticles in PTFE-containing gas diffusion electrodes for CO2 electroreduction to formate

Regulation Strategy of Nanostructured Engineering on Indium‐Based Materials for Electrocatalytic Conversion of CO2

“…A range of In-based materials have been widely designed as CO 2 RR electrocatalysts, such as metal In or In-based oxides, hydroxide, sulfides, alloy, phosphide, and selenide. [129][130][131][132][133][134][135] As we know, the bulk In-based materials have the disadvantages of low exposed catalytic active sites and poor electronic structure, which needs higher overpotential and reaction energy to drive CO 2 RR, leading to severe competing HER process and worse catalytic performance. In this regard, nanostructure engineering, including morphology design, size confinement effect, composition modulation, defect structure, surface/interface modification, alloy, and single-atom configuration to regulate the electronic structure and surface properties of In-based materials is widely utilized and demonstrated as effective and promising strategies to promote their catalytic performance for CO 2 RR.…”

“…During flame spray pyrolysis of In 2 O 3 nanoparticles and the hydrothermal/calcination process of nanosized LaInO 3 perovskite, the Inbased nanoparticles can be widely established by controlling the synthesis conditions. [130,166] To reveal the relationship of [203] size-dependent performance, Huang et al put forward a 5 nm In 2 O 3 nanoparticles and 15 nm nanocubes by solvothermal reaction, respectively (Figure 5a,b). [167] Of these, r-15 nm nanocubes have the highest formic acid selectivity of > 90% retention between −0.7 and −0.9 V, and the lowest overpotential (Figure 5c).…”

In–Bi bimetallic nanofibers with controllable crystal facets for high-rate electrochemical reduction of CO2 to formate

“…S25 †). 9, [42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51] ECSA is considered as a key parameter for catalytic performance evaluation since ECSA represents the number of active sites in catalysts. Hence, CV at various scan rates was performed to acquire C dl of Bi x In y NF catalysts (Fig.…”

Copper-Doped Tin Oxides Supported on Mesoporous Carbon Xerogel for Boosting the Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to Formate in Bicarbonate Solution Coupled with CO2

“…Metals are the most investigated catalysts for CO 2 RR. The metals which catalyze CO 2 RR can generally be (i) formate/formic acid (FA) selective (Pb, Hg, In, Sn, Bi, Cd, Ti), (ii) CO selective (Au, Ag, Zn, Pd, Ga), (iii) H 2 selective (Pt, Ni, Fe, Ti), or (iv) hydrocarbon selective (Cu and Cu-based catalysts). , Compared to elemental metals, metal oxides are shown to have more active sites and are widely investigated for their catalytic activity for CO 2 reductions. , Many reports reveal that the metal oxides with oxygen deficiency provide and stabilize highly active sites for CO 2 activation, thereby enhancing electrocatalytic performance with lower overpotential. − Among the various CO 2 RR products, CO and FA have received significant attention because of their low Gibbs energy input requirement and the reduction reaction involving the simple transfer of 2 electrons and 2 protons. The electrochemical conversion of CO 2 to FA is favored thermodynamically as the standard free energy of formation of FA, −361.4 kJ/mol, is very close to that of CO 2 , −394.4 kJ/mol, and needs the lowest Gibbs energy input.…”

“…19,20 Compared to elemental metals, metal oxides are shown to have more active sites and are widely investigated for their catalytic activity for CO 2 reductions. 21,22 Many reports reveal that the metal oxides with oxygen deficiency provide and stabilize highly active sites for CO 2 activation, thereby enhancing electrocatalytic performance with lower overpotential. 23−25 Among the various CO 2 RR products, CO and FA have received significant attention because of their low Gibbs energy input requirement and the reduction reaction involving the simple transfer of 2 electrons and 2 protons.…”