Stability of Four Limonoidal Substances of Neem Extract under Controlled Aquatic and Soil Conditions

Abstract

The stabilities of four limonoidal substances including azadirachtin A, azadirachtin B, deacetylsalannin and salannin were investigated both in controlled aquatic and soil conditions. The half-life of the total limonoid for neem extracts and its two commercial biopesticides was estimated 86.6-173 days in water under air, while degradation of the compounds was detected below 10% after eight weeks in deoxygenated water. The half-life in dry soil was estimated 43.3-57.7 days, and there was a similar degradation pattern with in aerobic water condition. In case of wet soil condition, the total bacteria of the soils ranged 6-8 log CFU/g soil for during the experiment, and the half-life of the total limonoid was 6.4-12.3 days. From the result, the fast limonoid degradation in wet soil environment was the result of both chemical oxidation and microbial degradation.

Physiological Activities of the Neem and the Comfrey Extracts as Cosmetic Ingredients

“…, 화장품 소재에서 항산화 활성은 중 요한 고려요소 중 하나로 생각된다 (Kim, 2020 (Choi et al, 2013 (Noh et al, 2017;Um, 2020 (Hyun et al, 2020), azadirachtin, azadiradione, salannin, epoxyazadiradione 등의 주성분을 가지고 있다 (Yoon et al, 2014a). 님 추출물의 국내 연구는 Kim et al (2014) (Kang et al, 1997 A, 5 mg/mL; B , 1 mg/mL; C, 0.5 mg/mL; D, 0.25 mg/mL; E, control.…”