Stability of Fluorinated Double-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Produced by Different Fluorination Techniques

Abstract

International audienceDouble-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) have been fluorinated using (1) gaseous F2 at 200 °C, (2) a mixture of BrF3 and Br2 at room temperature, and (3) radio frequency CF4 plasma. The stability of the resultant samples was examined by thermogravimetric analysis in an inert atmosphere and by comparing the X-ray photoelectron spectra of the pristine samples with those after heating in vacuum at either 70 °C for 10 h or 120 °C for 20 h. The DWCNTs fluorinated by F2 showed the highest stability (the temperature of decomposition is around 396 °C), while the BrF3 and plasma-fluorinated DWCNTs lose fluorine from 150 °C. Prolonged annealing of the fluorinated DWCNTs in vacuum at a temperature below 150 °C also resulted in the defluorination of the samples. Fluorine atoms leave the DWCNT surface together with carbon atoms leading to defects in the graphitic network. These defects are likely to be centers for later functionalization by oxygen-containing groups during DWCNT storage

Elastic and structural properties and buckling behavior of single-walled carbon nanotubes under chemical adsorption of atomic oxygen and hydroxyl

“…Functionalization is found to be a practical and efficient way to tailor the properties of nanostructures in order to use them in the wide range of applications in biotechnology and drug delivery nanodevices [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Functionalization can be performed through different methods such as doping or introducing any defects on CNTs, exohedral and endohedral polymer functionalization [13][14][15][16][17] and atomic-decoration [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. It was observed that the intrinsic properties of host structures considerably change via introducing foreign atoms into CNTs, e.g.…”

Development and Evaluation of a New Fluorinated Double-Wall Carbon Nanotube HPLC Stationary Phase

“…Fluorination by gaseous BrF 3 [43] was carried out in a Teflon flask, where the DWCNTs silica nanoparticles were held over a solution of Br 2 and BrF 3 for 14 days. The flask content was then dried by a flow of N 2 until no more Br 2 was released (around 2 days).…”

“…The fluorination of carbon nanotubes was carried out using different procedures [43]. The use of double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) was of great interest because only the surface of the external CNT was fluorinated and the internal CNT preserved their specific physico-chemical properties.…”

Structural and elastic properties and stability characteristics of oxygenated carbon nanotubes under physical adsorption of polymers

“…Doping, covalent or non-covalent polymer functionalization [3][4][5] and atomic-decoration [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] are of the most common approaches to reach these aims.…”