Stability of continuous and fed batch sequential anaerobic–anoxic–aerobic moving bed bioreactor systems at phenol shock load application

Abstract

The stability of two sequential moving bed bioreactor systems operated in anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic continuous moving bed bioreactor (CMBR: R1-R2-R3) and semi-continuous fed batch moving bed bioreactor (FMBR: B1-B2-B3) modes was assessed for phenol shock load (PSL) applications in the presence of thiocyanate and ammonia. Both the systems were exposed to 3000 mg phenol/L (PSL-I) and 3500 mg phenol/L (PSL-II) for 3 days each from initial 2500 mg phenol/L without any intermediate concentration at 6 days HRT (hydraulic retention time). The effect of PSL-I on R1 was reversible within 10-12 days. At PSL-II, R1 required 2 days stop of feed for stability and resumed removal efficiency of phenol (15%) and COD (3%). R2 remained robust to sustain both PSLs and recovered within 15 days from peak influent concentrations of 1727 mg phenol/L (removal: 67%) and 324 mg SCN--/L (removal: 68-70%). In B1, effluent COD increased by 2%, though effluent phenol decreased by 3% than the pre-shock condition after PSL-I exposure. B2 acted similar to R2 when exposed to PSLs. The effect of PSL-I on R3 and B3 was negligible. However, at PSL-II R3 became vulnerable for nitrification, whereas phenol, COD and SCN- removal remained unaffected. In B3, PSL-II caused a decrease in phenol, SCN- and NH+4-N removal. In B3, stop of feed for 4 days also did not improve nitrification. The performance of the CMBR system was better than that of the FMBR system for organic shock load exposure in the presence of multiple pollutants.

Organic matter removal in a simultaneous nitrification–denitrification process using fixed-film system

“…Sahariah et al 38 operated a sequential mobile packed-bed bioreactor with polymer foam support with a filling volume of 15.7% and fed with a concentration of 125 mg NH 4 + -N/L. The reported systems showed removal efficiency of 68% of NH 4 + -N, a lower value than that obtained in this study.…”

Organic Matter Removal in a Simultaneous Nitrification-Denitrification Process Using Fixed-Film System.

“…Sahariah et al 17 operated a sequential mobile packed-bed bioreactor with polymer foam support with a lling Volume of 15.7% and fed with a concentration of 125 mg NH 4 + -N /L. The reported systems showed removal e ciency of 68% of NH 4 + -N, a lower value than that obtained in this study.…”

Moving Bed Reactors: Challenges and Progress of Experimental and Theoretical Studies in a Century of Research

“…3 The MBRs have main benefits including low energy consumption and pressure drop, increasing the net profit of the plant by reducing the maintenance costs, 23 improving the process performance, 14 and also enhancing the contact surface of gas− solid systems. 17 Typically, chemical reactions of different processes 24 take place in the catalytic beds, 25 which can be classified in three main categories 26 including fixed bed, fluidized bed, and moving bed. 27−29 In the petrochemical industries, fixed bed reactors are more common for light petroleum cuts with less than 250 ppm metal impurities treating 29 or hydration and dehydration reactions, 30,31 while the MBR is considered for treating the heavy or light petroleum cuts with more than 250 ppm metal impurities.…”

“…Since the advent of MBT, it has attracted significant attention in different areas, including the separation of chemical compounds, , the methane combustion application, the recuperation of petrochemical processes, drying of grains and seeds, and also the organic matter elimination from the effluents, etc. Finally, some new potential applications in bioprocesses have been studied by MBT, especially in biofilm processes for municipal and industrial wastewater treatment. − On the other hand, the kinetic theory of the granular flows in MBRs has been considered in some engineering systems like the steel production industries from iron ore, some advanced manufacturing products, , and finally in biomass processes as an ecofriendly energy generation technology . The MBRs have main benefits including low energy consumption and pressure drop, increasing the net profit of the plant by reducing the maintenance costs, improving the process performance, and also enhancing the contact surface of gas–solid systems …”

“…Finally, some new potential applications in bioprocesses have been studied by MBT, especially in biofilm processes for municipal and industrial wastewater treatment. − On the other hand, the kinetic theory of the granular flows in MBRs has been considered in some engineering systems like the steel production industries from iron ore, some advanced manufacturing products, , and finally in biomass processes as an ecofriendly energy generation technology . The MBRs have main benefits including low energy consumption and pressure drop, increasing the net profit of the plant by reducing the maintenance costs, improving the process performance, and also enhancing the contact surface of gas–solid systems …”