Stability, nutrient availability and hydrophobicity of biochars derived from manure, crop residues, and municipal solid waste for their use as soil amendments

Zornoza, Raúl; Moreno‐Barriga, Fabián; Acosta, José A.; Muñoz, María Ángeles; Faz, Ángel

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.08.046

Cited by 294 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In our study, the CEC for the generated biochars significantly decreased from 66.59 to 18.53 cmol·kg −1 when the pyrolysis temperature increased from 300 to 600 °C (Figure 2), which was consistent with previous study [44]. The shift in CEC may due to the reduction of functional groups and oxidation of aromatic C with temperature [34], which was well supported by the lower O/C ratio and our FTIR and Boehm titration results at higher temperature. Figure 3 shows SEM micrographs (×4000) of biochars produced at different temperatures.…”

Section: Ph and Cation Exchange Capacitysupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Meanwhile, the dehydration of hydroxyl groups and thermal degradation of cellulose and lignin might also occurred with the increasing temperature [12]. These results confirmed that the increase in temperature enhanced the stability of biochar for the loss of volatile fractions [34]. It was interesting that the ash content remarkably increased from 6.72% to 10.06% with an increase in the pyrolysis temperature from 300 to 500 • C. The increase in the content of ash resulted from progressive concentration of inorganic constituents [35], which also was confirmed by our nutrients analysis (Table 1).…”

Section: Statistical Analysis Of Datasupporting

confidence: 71%

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Effect of Temperature on the Structural and Physicochemical Properties of Biochar with Apple Tree Branches as Feedstock Material

2017

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Abstract:The objective of this study was to study the structure and physicochemical properties of biochar derived from apple tree branches (ATBs), whose valorization is crucial for the sustainable development of the apple industry. ATBs were collected from apple orchards located on the Weibei upland of the Loess Plateau and pyrolyzed at 300, 400, 500 and 600 • C (BC300, BC400, BC500 and BC600), respectively. Different analytical techniques were used for the characterization of the different biochars. In particular, proximate and element analyses were performed. Furthermore, the morphological, and textural properties were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Boehm titration and nitrogen manometry. In addition, the thermal stability of biochars was also studied by thermogravimetric analysis. The results indicated that the increasing temperature increased the content of fixed carbon (C), the C content and inorganic minerals (K, P, Fe, Zn, Ca, Mg), while the yield, the content of volatile matter (VM), O and H, cation exchange capacity, and the ratios of O/C and H/C decreased. Comparison between the different samples show that highest pH and ash content were observed in BC500. The number of acidic functional groups decreased as a function of pyrolysis temperature, especially for the carboxylic functional groups. In contrast, a reverse trend was found for the basic functional groups. At a higher temperature, the brunauer-emmett-teller (BET) surface area and pore volume are higher mostly due to the increase of the micropore surface area and micropore volume. In addition, the thermal stability of biochars also increased with the increasing temperature. Hence, pyrolysis temperature has a strong effect on biochar properties, and therefore biochars can be produced by changing pyrolysis temperature in order to better meet their applications.

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Section: Ph and Cation Exchange Capacitysupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Statistical Analysis Of Datasupporting

confidence: 71%

Effect of Temperature on the Structural and Physicochemical Properties of Biochar with Apple Tree Branches as Feedstock Material

2017

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“…On the other hand, nutrient retention and availability relate to BC adsorption capacity Ippolito et al, 2015;Zornoza et al, 2016). Overall, manure-and sludge-based BCs are richer in plant available nutrients as compared to grass-and wood-based BCs, which is mostly a reflection of their original feedstock properties, although C, N, and S losses at high PTs are unavoidable Jensen, 2013b;Subedi et al, 2015Subedi et al, , 2016aSubedi et al, , 2016b.…”

Section: Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop response to soils amended with biochar: expected benefits and unintended risks

et al. 2017

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Biochar (BC) from biomass waste pyrolysis has been widely studied due to its ability to increase carbon sequestration, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and enhance both crop growth and soil quality. This review summarises the current knowledge of BC production, characterisation, and types, with a focus on its positive effects on crop yield and soil properties vs the unintended risks associated with these effects. Biochar-amended soils enhance crop growth and yield via several mechanisms: expanded plant nutrient and water availability through increased use efficiencies, improved soil quality, and suppression of soil and plant diseases. Yield response to BC has been shown to be more evident in acidic and sandy soils than in alkaline and fine-textured soils. Biochar composition and properties vary considerably with feedstock and pyrolysis conditions so much that its concentrations of toxic compounds and heavy metals can negatively impact crop and soil health. Consequently, more small-scale and greenhouse-sited studies are in process to investigate the role of BC/soil/crop types on crop growth, and the mechanisms by which they influence crop yield. Similarly, a need exists for long-term, field-scale studies on the effects (beneficial and harmful) of BC amendment on soil health and crop yields, so that production guidelines and quality standards may be developed for BCs derived from a range of feedstocks.

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“…Dichas interacciones también se establecen con los iones metalicos retenidos en la estructura del biochar como resultado del aumento del pH tras el proceso de pirólisis. Por lo tanto, el incremento del pH podría influir en el incremento de la CIC cuando aumenta la temperatura (Zornoza et al, 2015).…”

Section: Resultados Y Discusiónunclassified

“…La reducción en la CIC durante la pirólisis podría relacionarse con la disminución de grupos hidroxilo y carboxilo al aumentar la temperatura de tratamiento, lo cual afecta la capacidad del biochar para retener nutrientes (Zornoza et al, 2015).…”

Section: Resultados Y Discusiónunclassified

Evaluacion del uso de residuos organicos para la produccion de biochar y su aplicacion como enmienda organica

Parra¹

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En primer lugar, quiero dedicar este trabajo a mi madre, a mi padre y a mis hermanos por su apoyo incondicional, su amor y sus consejos, y porque, a pesar de la distancia, siempre estan conmigo. Ademas, agradezco el soporte económico que me brindaron y por el cual pude desarrollar esta investigación.Agradezco a mis directores de tesis por sus enseñanzas y orientación, así como a todos los docentes, investigadores y doctorandos pertenecientes a la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid y a otras instituciones con quienes tuve la oportunidad de compartir experiencias académicas, establecer lazos de amistad, y quienes de forma directa o indirecta me ayudaron y guiaron durante todo este proceso.También quiero agradecer a mi familia mas cercana, tía, primos, primas, amigos y amigas, por su amor, apoyo, por hacerme sonreír y transmitirme energía y fortaleza para seguir adelante; en especial a mi abuelo porque con su luz y sabiduría me ayudó a convertirme en la mujer que soy ahora. A ti abuelito te agradezco y te dedico este trabajo, siempre te llevaré en mi corazón. "De los miedos nacen los corajes; y de las dudas las certezas.Los suenos anuncian otra realidad posible y los delirios otra razon. Al fin y al cabo, somos lo que hacemos para cambiar lo que somos." Eduardo Galeano 7 RESUMEN RESUMENEn la actualidad el uso de biochar ha despertado gran interés por sus supuestos aportes en la lucha contra el calentamiento global, la mejora de la calidad de los suelos y el aumento de la productividad de cultivos. Esta tesis se ha centrado en el estudio de los efectos de este material carbonoso en los suelos y en evaluar la viabilidad de gestión de diversos residuos organicos mediante procesos de pirólisis o gasificación.Con este propósito, se estudió la influencia de distintas materias primas y procesos de producción sobre las propiedades de los biochars y los impactos asociados a su uso como enmienda organica. La tesis esta estructurada en cinco capítulos.El objetivo del capítulo tres fue estudiar la influencia de la materia prima (residuos ganaderos) y de la temperatura de pirólisis sobre las propiedades de los biochars, para ello se hizo una caracterización de todos los materiales. Los resultados indican que las propiedades agronómicas de los biochars son muy variables según la biomasa empleada y las condiciones de producción. Sin embargo, en todos los casos se observó una reducción de las fracciones móviles de metales traza en los biochars.En el cuarto capítulo se determinó la influencia del biochar sobre las propiedades biológicas del suelo, con este fin, se desarrollaron dos estudios en los que se evaluaron los efectos del biochar sobre la respiración del suelo y las actividades enzimaticas. Los resultados indican que tras el proceso de pirólisis la biomasa alcanza mayor estabilidad, por lo tanto, la mineralización del carbono es menor cuando se usa biochar como enmienda organica. Sin embargo, los biochars producidos a altas temperaturas tienen un impacto negativo sobre los microorganismos del suelo.El objetivo del capítulo c...

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Stability, nutrient availability and hydrophobicity of biochars derived from manure, crop residues, and municipal solid waste for their use as soil amendments

Cited by 294 publications

References 41 publications

Effect of Temperature on the Structural and Physicochemical Properties of Biochar with Apple Tree Branches as Feedstock Material

Effect of Temperature on the Structural and Physicochemical Properties of Biochar with Apple Tree Branches as Feedstock Material

Crop response to soils amended with biochar: expected benefits and unintended risks

Evaluacion del uso de residuos organicos para la produccion de biochar y su aplicacion como enmienda organica

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