Stability-constrained multi-fluid CFD models for gas–liquid flow in bubble columns

A combination of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy system (ANFIS) for prediction of the bubble column hydrodynamics

“…This structured grid based on a hexahedral grid and its type is almost identical with that of Boutet et al [79]. Several multiphase industrial programs, showing numerical simulations use hexahedral meshes for modeling the fluid flow problems, especially the multiphase fluid flow inside the gas and liquid and slurry bubble column reactors [13,21,60,73,[80][81][82][83]. In CFD simulation this type of mesh is preferred over other types of meshes such as tetrahedral or triangle in specific finite volume methods.…”

CFD simulation of internal-loop airlift reactor using EMMS drag model

“…Here we give only a shorter description of the DBS model, and focus on the model framework as well as the integration of the new drag model into a CFD simulation. For the details and a thorough understanding of the DBS model, interested readers are referred to our previous publications (Chen et al, 2009; Xiao et al, 2013;Yang et al, 2007Yang et al, , 2010Yang et al, , 2011. The ratio of effective drag coefficient to bubble diameter C D /d b is then derived as a function of the superficial gas velocity (Yang et al, 2011).…”

“…The model was then integrated into a CFD simulation in a simplified manner. Compared with traditional drag correlations, the model is able to predict the overall and local gas holdup, as well as the normalized axial liquid velocity over a relatively wider range of superficial gas velocities without fitting parameters (Xiao, Yang, & Li, 2013;Yang, Wu, Chen, Wang, & Li, 2011).…”

A dual-scale turbulence model for gas–liquid bubbly flows

“…Some researchers analyzed the energy dissipation mechanisms of gas-liquid flows in bubble columns and proposed the drag models based on Energy-Minimization Multi-Scale (EMMS) methods [13][14][15][16]. The drag model suggested by Ishii and Zuber [12] distinguishes bubble shape regimes and is widely used in the simulations of gas-liquid flows [5][6][7][8]: …”