“…Peptidomic analysis has been proposed by several authors [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55] as a way to access information relevant to clinical diagnosis and/or to monitor the patient biochemical profile during the therapy. The growing interest in peptidomic analysis led some scientists to develop new analytical technologies to improve peptidomic analysis, such as: use of capillary electrophoresis to separate the peptides [46]; use of size exclusion chromatography as a pre-fractionation step [53,56]; new technologies and methods for sample pretreatment [57], such as methods for isolation rare amino acid-containing peptides, terminal peptides, PTM peptides and endogenous peptides, automated sample pretreatment technologies (automated sample injection and on-line digestion) [58]; development of a new target plate for MALDI-MS for one step electric transfer of analytes from a 1-dimensional electrophoresis gel directly to the target plate [59,60]; etc. In recent years, in the face of the remarkable development on nanotechnology, many researchers have produced different kind of nanoparticles, such as mesoporous silica nanoparticles [50,51,61,62] and carbon nanotubes [52,63], for selective peptide extraction (and, hence, its enrichment) from biological fluids for therapeutic purposes (clinical diagnosis and/or novel biomarker discovery).…”