Stability and transitions in posttraumatic growth trajectories among cancer patients: LCA and LTA analyses.

Pat‐Horenczyk, Ruth; Saltzman, Leia Y.; Hamama‐Raz, Yaira; Perry, Shlomit; Ziv, Yuval; Ginat‐Frolich, Rivkah; Stemmer, Salomon M.

doi:10.1037/tra0000094

Cited by 29 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The transitions found were mainly characterized by three paths: from struggling at 8 months to resilient at 20 months, and from thriving at 8 months to either the resilient or struggling at 20 months. In line with the findings from previous studies (Chen & Wu, 2017;Pat-Horenczyk et al, 2016), distinct classes of postdisaster adjustment based on PTSS and PTG were identified. More than half of child and adolescent survivors were classified in a class with mild PTSS and a moderate level of PTG, which was referred to as the thriving class, indicating that the survivors in this group went beyond the original level of psychosocial functioning and grew vigorously (O'Leary & Ickovics, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The individuals classified in the struggling class exhibited moderate PTSS and PTG, indicating that they were undergoing a struggling process, where PTSS and PTG coexisted, following the traumatic experience (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 2004). On the other hand, we did not distinguish a class with high PTSS but a mild level of PTG, similar to the "distress" class in Pat-Horenczyk et al's (2016) study. One possible reason is related to the different types of trauma experienced by the different samples.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

“…Nonetheless, less is known about how classes of PTSS and PTG develop over time in children and adolescents after a natural disaster. The experience of natural disaster can differ from cancer (the traumatic event used in Pat‐Horenczyk et al's study). Natural disaster can cause a sudden huge destruction to an area, but the reconstruction of the family and community postdisaster may provide opportunities for survivors to recover; in comparison, after the diagnosis of cancer, the individuals would receive active treatment, in which uncertainty about the disease and treatment may cause variation in psychological adjustment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Posttraumatic Growth in Children and Adolescents Following an Earthquake: A Latent Transition Analysis

Chen

2017

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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This study examined the transitions in classes of posttraumatic stress symptoms and posttraumatic growth in a sample of children and adolescents (N = 757), between 8 and 20 months after the 2013 Ya'an earthquake in China. Using latent profile analysis, three classes of symptoms (resilient, thriving, and struggling) were identified at 8 and 20 months after the earthquake. Latent transition analysis indicated that the majority of survivors remained in the same class during the period, while others showed a transition between different classes over time. The transition was mainly characterized by three paths: from struggling to resilient, and from thriving to either resilient or struggling. Of the survivors who were classified as thriving at 8 months, those transitioning to the struggling class at 20 months were more likely to experience higher levels of loss and injury compared with those transitioning to the resilient class (Cohen's d = 0.72) or remaining in the thriving class (Cohen's d = 0.36) at 20 months postearthquake. Survivors who remained stable in the struggling class were older than those who remained stable in the thriving class (Cohen's d = 0.41) or those who moved from thriving at 8 months to resilient at 20 months after the earthquake (Cohen's d = 0.39). It is recommended that clinicians consider the classes of posttraumatic stress symptoms and posttraumatic growth, and the potential development paths and associated factors, when implementing interventions for children and adolescents after a natural disaster.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Posttraumatic Growth in Children and Adolescents Following an Earthquake: A Latent Transition Analysis

Chen

2017

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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“…Most of the literature conceptualized PTG as a potential outcome following trauma, which is manifested in positive psychological changes and qualitative changes in functioning . However, others conceptualized and assessed PTG as a process of struggling in the aftermath of traumatic events and further differentiated between constructive and illusory trajectories of PTG …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can posttraumatic growth after breast cancer promote positive coping?—A cross‐lagged study

et al. 2019

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Objectives The diagnosis of breast cancer can be associated with significant emotional distress, yet, over time, cancer survivors also may experience positive psychological changes labeled posttraumatic growth (PTG). Two alternative paths between coping strategies and PTG were tested among breast cancer patients, employing longitudinal design: Would PTG after medical treatment of breast cancer lead to an increase in reporting positive coping strategies; alternatively, would positive coping strategies after medical treatment of breast cancer lead to increased PTG. Methods A longitudinal study was conducted among 198 breast cancer patients who completed validated self‐report scales, at five time points: at 3 months after completing active medical treatment (T1); after 6 months (T2); after 1 year (T3); after 2 years (T4); and after 7 years (T5). The current study analyzes three time points: T1, T3, and T5 using structural equation modeling. Results Our results support the path that describes the first alternative, that higher report of PTG after medical treatment of breast cancer patients would lead to increased report of positive coping strategies. In addition, positive coping strategies were found to be positively linked to PTG after 6 months, and the link was slightly stronger after 2 years. Nevertheless, 7 years after diagnosis, no association was found between positive coping strategies and PTG measurements. Conclusions Finding positive meaning after coping with breast cancer, as reflected in PTG, may be a significant resource in coping with cancer, and it may lead to increase of positive coping strategies.

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“…This ability is termed regulatory or coping flexibility (e.g., Bonanno & Burton, 2013). Indeed, PTG was found to be positively associated with coping flexibility in cross-sectional studies (Cohen & Katz, 2015;Pat-Horenczyk et al, 2016), but replicating these findings in a longitudinal study would allow for stronger causal inference.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coping and posttraumatic growth: A longitudinal comparison of two alternative views.

Kunz¹,

Joseph²,

Geyh³

et al. 2018

Rehabilitation Psychology

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Purpose: The current study aimed to examine two possible explanations for why higher levels of posttraumatic growth (PTG) were repeatedly found to be predicted by both approach-and avoidance-oriented coping, focusing on individuals recently diagnosed with a spinal cord injury (SCI). First, negative changes (posttraumatic depreciation, PTD) may moderate the association between PTG and the two types of coping indicating that PTG reflects avoidance of PTD for some individuals, but a constructive view on posttraumatic life changes for others.Second, it may be that a flexible use of different types of coping strategies (coping flexibility) enables the experience of PTG. Method: A sample consisting of 122 patients admitted to one of the four national SCI rehabilitation centers was examined in a longitudinal study.Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to test the two competing explanations. Results: Both approach-(β = .30, p = .001) and avoidance-oriented coping (β = .23, p = .011) measured three months after SCI diagnosis predicted higher PTG levels at discharge from clinical rehabilitation. PTD did not moderate the relationship between approach-(β = .03, p = .743) and avoidance-oriented coping (β = -.04, p = .656) and PTG.However, coping flexibility (β = .23, p = .012) predicted higher PTG levels. Conclusion:These results suggest that a flexible use of different types of coping strategies potentially according to situational demands may explain findings that PTG was predicted by both approach-and avoidance-oriented coping.

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Stability and transitions in posttraumatic growth trajectories among cancer patients: LCA and LTA analyses.

Cited by 29 publications

References 44 publications

Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Posttraumatic Growth in Children and Adolescents Following an Earthquake: A Latent Transition Analysis

Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Posttraumatic Growth in Children and Adolescents Following an Earthquake: A Latent Transition Analysis

Can posttraumatic growth after breast cancer promote positive coping?—A cross‐lagged study

Coping and posttraumatic growth: A longitudinal comparison of two alternative views.

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