Stability and storage characteristics of enzymes in cattle blood

Jones, Douglas

doi:10.1016/s0034-5288(18)31799-5

Cited by 32 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The activities of CK and AST are not thought to have diminished appreciably during the course of the collection, handling, and storage of serum in our study. Jones (1985b) noted no loss of CK activity and only 7% loss of AST activity in ovine plasma after four months of storage at Ϫ20 C. Similar observations were noted for blood plasma of cattle stored under similar conditions (Jones, 1985a). Given that we stored samples for an average of 199 days (range 166-244 days) at Ϫ80 C and all samples were treated in a similar fashion during the study, we do not feel that loss of enzyme activity influenced the results of our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Risk Factors Associated With Capture-Related Death in Eastern Wild Turkey Hens

Nicholson

Lochmiller

Stewart

et al. 2000

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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Capture-related mortality has been a notable risk in the handling of eastern wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris). Our objective was to evaluate how environmental factors influence risk and identify physiological correlates that could be used to identify susceptible birds. During winter (January-March) 1995-97, 130 eastern wild turkey hens were captured in southeastern Oklahoma and radiocollared. Of those, 20 hens died < or =14 days of capture. Serum creatine kinase activity (CK; P < 0.01), body temperature (P < 0.01), processing time (P = 0.02), and ambient temperature (P < 0.01) showed a positive relationship with mortality that occurred within 14 days of capture. Plasma corticosterone concentration (P = 0.08) and relative humidity (P < 0.01) showed a negative relationship with mortalities that occurred within 14 days post-capture. Stepwise logistic regression selected CK activity, relative humidity, and ambient temperature as the best predictors of mortality within 14 days post-capture. Our data suggest that susceptible individuals may be identified from CK activity and that capture-related mortality may be minimized by establishing guidelines of when to curtail capture operations based on various weather conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Risk Factors Associated With Capture-Related Death in Eastern Wild Turkey Hens

Nicholson

Lochmiller

Stewart

et al. 2000

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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“…ALDOC serum levels are reported to be stable up to three weeks in sheep and bovine blood, but decrease over 28 days after controlled cortical contusion in rat. 47,92,93 ALDOC proteolysis by calpain or cathepsin produces a 38 kD ALDOC fragment on later post-injury days. [94][95][96] In contrast, GFAP proteolysis by calpains or caspases produces massive enzymatic degradation into several fragments that are reported in CSF from patients with various neurodegenerative diseases.…”

Section: Astroglial Neurotrauma Biomarkers Have Kinetic Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

New astroglial injury-defined biomarkers for neurotrauma assessment

Halford

Shen

Itamura

et al. 2017

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an expanding public health epidemic with pathophysiology that is difficult to diagnose and thus treat. TBI biomarkers should assess patients across severities and reveal pathophysiology, but currently, their kinetics and specificity are unclear. No single ideal TBI biomarker exists. We identified new candidates from a TBI CSF proteome by selecting trauma-released, astrocyte-enriched proteins including aldolase C (ALDOC), its 38kD breakdown product (BDP), brain lipid binding protein (BLBP), astrocytic phosphoprotein (PEA15), glutamine synthetase (GS) and new 18-25kD-GFAP-BDPs. Their levels increased over four orders of magnitude in severe TBI CSF. First post-injury week, ALDOC levels were markedly high and stable. Short-lived BLBP and PEA15 related to injury progression. ALDOC, BLBP and PEA15 appeared hyper-acutely and were similarly robust in severe and mild TBI blood; 25kD-GFAP-BDP appeared overnight after TBI and was rarely present after mild TBI. Using a human culture trauma model, we investigated biomarker kinetics. Wounded (mechanoporated) astrocytes released ALDOC, BLBP and PEA15 acutely. Delayed cell death corresponded with GFAP release and proteolysis into small GFAP-BDPs. Associating biomarkers with cellular injury stages produced astroglial injury-defined (AID) biomarkers that facilitate TBI assessment, as neurological deficits are rooted not only in death of CNS cells, but also in their functional compromise.

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“…However for some analytes, specific plasma and serum reference intervals need to be established, for instance, human bile acids are about 60% lower in heparin plasma than in serum . In cattle and sheep, differences between serum and citrate or EDTA plasma are more numerous and relevant, for example, higher AST and CK activities in serum . Point‐of‐care systems and potentiometry analyzers usually require anticoagulated whole blood.…”

Section: Technical Preanalytic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The preanalytic phase in veterinary clinical pathology

Braun

Bourgès‐Abella

Geffré

et al. 2014

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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This article presents the general causes of preanalytic variability with a few examples showing specialists and practitioners that special and improved care should be given to this too often neglected phase. The preanalytic phase of clinical pathology includes all the steps from specimen collection to analysis. It is the phase where most laboratory errors occur in human, and probably also in veterinary clinical pathology. Numerous causes may affect the validity of the results, including technical factors, such as the choice of anticoagulant, the blood vessel sampled, and the duration and conditions of specimen handling. While the latter factors can be defined, influence of biologic and physiologic factors such as feeding and fasting, stress, and biologic and endocrine rhythms can often not be controlled. Nevertheless, as many factors as possible should at least be documented. The importance of the preanalytic phase is often not given the necessary attention, although the validity of the results and consequent clinical decision making and medical management of animal patients would likely be improved if the quality of specimens submitted to the laboratory was optimized.

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Stability and storage characteristics of enzymes in cattle blood

Cited by 32 publications

References 13 publications

Risk Factors Associated With Capture-Related Death in Eastern Wild Turkey Hens

Risk Factors Associated With Capture-Related Death in Eastern Wild Turkey Hens

New astroglial injury-defined biomarkers for neurotrauma assessment

The preanalytic phase in veterinary clinical pathology

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