Stability and Infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 and Viral RNA in Water, Commercial Beverages, and Bodily Fluids

Fukuta, Mizuki; Mao, Zhan Qiu; Morita, Kouichi; Moi, Meng Ling

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.667956

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…SARS-CoV-2 RNA has previously been detected on food and food packages, based on PCR-based assays [26,27,69]. However, previous studies, including ours, have also reported that SARS-CoV-2 RNA can be present on food, while infectious SARS-CoV-2 is undetectable by plaque assay [29,70]. Recent studies have reported on the development of amplification-free CRISPR-Cas assays for direct detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA from patients as alternatives to PCR-based assays [71][72][73].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

SARS-CoV-2 Remains Infectious on Refrigerated Deli Food, Meats, and Fresh Produce for up to 21 Days

Jia

Dyches

Senger

et al. 2022

Foods

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, has been detected on foods and food packaging and the virus can infect oral cavity and intestinal cells, suggesting that infection could potentially occur following ingestion of virus-contaminated foods. To determine the relative risk of infection from different types of foods, we assessed survival of SARS-CoV-2 on refrigerated ready-to-eat deli items, fresh produce, and meats (including seafood). Deli items and meats with high protein, fat, and moisture maintained infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 for up to 21 days. However, processed meat, such as salami, and some fresh produce exhibited antiviral effects. SARS-CoV-2 also remained infectious in ground beef cooked rare or medium, but not well-done. Although infectious SARS-CoV-2 was inactivated on the foods over time, viral RNA was not degraded in similar trends, regardless of food type; thus, PCR-based assays for detection of pathogens on foods only indicate the presence of viral RNA, but do not correlate with presence or quantity of infectious virus. The survival and high recovery of SARS-CoV-2 on certain foods support the possibility that food contaminated with SARS-CoV-2 could potentially be a source of infection, highlighting the importance of proper food handling and cooking to inactivate any contaminating virus prior to consumption.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

SARS-CoV-2 Remains Infectious on Refrigerated Deli Food, Meats, and Fresh Produce for up to 21 Days

Jia

Dyches

Senger

et al. 2022

Foods

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This investigation evaluated the Abbott BinaxNOW COVID-19 Ag card and cannot be generalized to other antigen tests, including the two available self-administered versions of the BinaxNOW test. Specimens were collected into PBS, which may have affected the ability to isolate infectious virus, although a recent study ( 36 ) demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 infectious virus stability was not impacted when specimens were stored in PBS at 4°C for up to 35 days. Finally, there were 21 specimens with positive antigen and rRT-PCR results and low C T values but were culture negative.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Characteristics of the Abbott BinaxNOW SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Test in Comparison to Real-Time Reverse Transcriptase PCR and Viral Culture in Community Testing Sites during November 2020

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Point-of-care antigen tests are an important tool for SARS-CoV-2 detection. Antigen tests are less sensitive than real-time reverse-transcriptase PCR (rRT-PCR). Data on the performance of the BinaxNOW antigen test compared to rRT-PCR and viral culture by symptom and known exposure status, timing during disease or exposure period and demographic variables are limited. During November 3 rd -17 th , 2020, we collected paired upper respiratory swab specimens to test for SARS-CoV-2 by rRT-PCR and Abbott BinaxNOW (BinaxNOW) antigen test at two community testing sites in Pima County, Arizona. We administered a questionnaire to capture symptoms, known exposure status and previous SARS-CoV-2 test results. Specimens positive by either test were analyzed by viral culture. Previously we showed overall BinaxNOW sensitivity was 52.5%. Here we showed BinaxNOW sensitivity increased to 65.7% among currently symptomatic individuals reporting a known exposure. BinaxNOW sensitivity was lower among participants with a known exposure and previously symptomatic (32.4%) or never symptomatic (47.1%) within 14 days of testing. Sensitivity was 71.1% in participants within a week of symptom onset. In participants with a known exposure, sensitivity was highest 8-10 days post-exposure (75%). The positive predictive value for recovery of virus in cell culture was 56.7% for BinaxNOW-positive and 35.4% for rRT-PCR-positive specimens. Result reporting time was 2.5 hours for BinaxNOW and 26 hours for rRT-PCR. Point-of-care antigen tests have a shorter turn-around time compared to laboratory-based nucleic acid amplification tests, which allows for more rapid identification of infected individuals. Antigen test sensitivity limitations are important to consider when developing a testing program.

show abstract

“…Initial screening of viral presence in saliva and nasal swabs in viral transport medium (VTM) precedes the sequencing process. It could also be used for other sample types, including urine, other body fluids, and water ( 22 ). In this study, CDC N1 oligonucleotide ( 23 ) pairs with 6-carboxyfluorescein (FAM) probe were utilized in RT-qPCR to screen samples for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 (see Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Receptor-Binding-Motif-Targeted Sanger Sequencing: a Quick and Cost-Effective Strategy for Molecular Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 Variants

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Stability and Infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 and Viral RNA in Water, Commercial Beverages, and Bodily Fluids

Cited by 20 publications

References 22 publications

SARS-CoV-2 Remains Infectious on Refrigerated Deli Food, Meats, and Fresh Produce for up to 21 Days

SARS-CoV-2 Remains Infectious on Refrigerated Deli Food, Meats, and Fresh Produce for up to 21 Days

Performance Characteristics of the Abbott BinaxNOW SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Test in Comparison to Real-Time Reverse Transcriptase PCR and Viral Culture in Community Testing Sites during November 2020

Receptor-Binding-Motif-Targeted Sanger Sequencing: a Quick and Cost-Effective Strategy for Molecular Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 Variants

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About