Stability and in vitro digestibility of beta‐carotene in nanoemulsions fabricated with different carrier oils

Abstract

Beta‐carotene, the main dietary source of provitamin A, is required for maintaining optimum human health. The bioaccessibility of beta‐carotene can be greatly improved when ingested with fat. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to select proper oils (palm oil, coconut oil, fish oil, and corn oil) as a carrier to form stable nanoemulsion that can effectively enhance the bioaccessibility of beta‐carotene. The nanoemulsion was formulated with 90% (v/v) aqueous solution (2% whey protein isolate, WPI, w/v) and 10% (v/v) dispersed oil. The in vitro digestion experiment of nanoemulsions showed that the bioaccessibility of beta‐carotene was as followed in order: palm oil = corn oil > fish oil > coconut oil (p < 0.05). The particle size of the nanoemulsion (initial particle size = 168–185 nm) was below 200 nm during 42 days’ storage at 25°C. The retention rates of beta‐carotene in nanoemulsions were 69.36%, 63.81%, 49.58%, and 54.91% with palm oil, coconut oil, fish oil, and corn oil, respectively. However, the particle size of the nanoemulsion increased significantly in the accelerated experiment at 55°C (p < 0.05), in which the retention rates of beta‐carotene were 48.56%, 43.41%, 29.35%, and 33.60% with palm oil, coconut oil, fish oil, and corn oil, respectively. From above, we conclude that WPI‐stabilized beta‐carotene nanoemulsion with palm oil as the carrier is the most suitable system to increase bioaccessibility and stability of lipid‐soluble bioactive compounds such as beta‐carotene.

Ultrasonic-assisted preparation of eucalyptus oil nanoemulsion: Process optimization, in vitro digestive stability, and anti-Escherichia coli activity

“…The encapsulation efficiency (EE) of EONE was determined by the ultracentrifugation method. We referred to the method of Zhou et al [31] to make appropriate modifications. Briefly, 3.0 mL of the sample was mixed with 5.0 mL of distilled n-hexane, and EO was extracted with n-hexane in a water bath at 50 °C.…”

Evaluation of the bioaccessibility of a carotenoid beadlet blend using an in vitro system mimicking the upper gastrointestinal tract

“…However, the higher bioaccessibility measurements for the more polar lutein and zeaxanthin seen here suggest it could be a factor affecting our results. Work by Zhou et al demonstrated increased β‐carotene bioaccessibility when different carrier oils were utilized to form stable nanoemulsions, further illustrating the complexity of interactions between dietary fat and carotenoids to affect uptake (Zhou et al., 2018).…”

Encapsulation of curcumin within oil-in-water emulsions prepared by premix membrane emulsification: Impact of droplet size and carrier oil on the chemical stability of curcumin

“…2B. The lowest curcumin retention rate in LCT-based emulsions is due to the fact that LCT is an unsaturated oil (Zhou et al, 2018), which is particularly susceptible to lipid oxidation resulting in the fastest degradation of curcumin. Both SCT and MCT are saturated oils, but curcumin retention rate in SCT was higher than that in MCT.…”