Stability Analysis of a PMSG-Based Large Offshore Wind Farm Connected to a VSC-HVDC

Kunjumuhammed, Linash; Pal, Bikash C.; Gupta, R.; Dyke, Kevin J.

doi:10.1109/tec.2017.2705801

Cited by 95 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The equivalent aggregated type-4 wind turbine generator with PMSG model [27,28] is applied for simulation in this paper. The mechanical power P m extracted by the wind turbine is expressed by…”

Section: System Configuration and Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fault Ride-Through Capability Enhancement of Type-4 WECS in Offshore Wind Farm via Nonlinear Adaptive Control of VSC-HVDC

et al. 2019

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This paper proposes a perturbation estimation-based nonlinear adaptive control (NAC) for a voltage-source converter-based high voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) system which is applied to interconnect offshore large-scale wind farms to the onshore main grid in order to enhance the fault ride-through (FRT) capability of Type-4 wind energy conversion systems (WECS). The VSC-HVDC power transmission system is regraded as a favourable solution for interconnecting offshore wind farms. To improve the FRT capability of offshore power plants, a de-loading strategy is investigated with novel advanced control of the VSC-HVDC systems. The proposed NAC does not require an accurate and precise model and full state measurements since the combinatorial effects of nonlinearities, system parameter uncertainties, and external disturbances are aggregated into a perturbation term, which are estimated by a high-gain perturbation observer (HGPO) and fully compensated for. As the proposed NAC is adaptive to system model uncertainties (e.g., mismatched output impedance of the converters and the line impedance of transmission line), time-varying disturbance (e.g., AC grid voltage sags and line to ground faults), and unknown time-varying nonlinearities of the power-electronic system (e.g., unmodelled dynamics existed in valve and VSC phase-locked loop system), a significant robustness can be provided by the de-loading strategy to enhance the FRT capability. Simulation results illustrated that the proposed strategy can provide improved dynamic performance in the case of operation with a variety of reduced voltage levels and improved robustness against model uncertainties and mismatched system parameters comparing with conventional vector control.

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Section: System Configuration and Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where k Section 1 and k Section 1 are positive feedback control gains, hence put the poles of the closed-loop system in the LHP. Notice that control laws (22) and (27) require only one state measurement for its control design, that is, the DC voltage V dc1 , active power P 2 , reactive powers Q 1 and Q 2 .…”

Section: Nac For Vsc-hvdc Transmission Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fault Ride-Through Capability Enhancement of Type-4 WECS in Offshore Wind Farm via Nonlinear Adaptive Control of VSC-HVDC

et al. 2019

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“…Using the standard model, the voltage equations of PMSG can be expressed in the d-q frame as follows [21,22]:…”

Section: Modelling Of MMC Connected To the Pmsg-based Wecsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Steady-State Analysis Method for Modular Multilevel Converters Connected to Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator-Based Wind Energy Conversion Systems

Liu

Sun

et al. 2018

Energies

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Modular multilevel converters (MMCs) have shown great potential in the area of multimegawatt wind energy conversion system (WECS) based on permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs). However, the studies in this area are few, and most of them refer to the MMC used in high-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems, and hence the characteristics of the PMSG are not considered. This paper proposes a steady-state analysis method for MMCs connected to a PMSG-based WECS. In the proposed method, only the wind speed (operating condition) is required as input, and all the electrical quantities in the MMC, including the amplitudes, phase angles and their harmonics, can be calculated step by step. The analysis method is built on the proposed d-q frame mathematical model. Interactions of electrical quantities between the MMC and PMSG are comprehensively considered. Moreover, a new way to calculate the average switching functions are adopted in order to improve the accuracy of the analysis method. Applications of the proposed method are also presented, which includes the characteristic analysis of capacitor voltage ripples and the capacitor sizing. Finally, the accuracy of the method and the correctness of the analysis are verified by simulations and experiments.Energies 2018, 11, 461 2 of 31 require a large amount of series or parallel connected power devices in order to achieve the required power, which reduces the reliability of WECS. Moreover, the traditional converters are not suitable for medium-voltage (3-33 kV) WECS, which is becoming popular for turbine power ratings greater than 3.0 MW [6,7]. These drawbacks lead to the studies of new full-scale power converters.The modular multilevel converter (MMC), which became the most common type of voltage-source converter used in the high-voltage direct current (HVDC) applications, is also a suitable converter for PMSG-based WECS. In [8,9], MMC was used for medium-voltage motor drives, which opened up the study of MMC applied to variable-speed machines. The application of MMCs in PMSG-based WECS was first studied in [10]. That paper concluded that MMC should be considered a suitable option for transformerless 10 MW PMSG-based WECS, and performs well in the full system. In [11], the authors proposed an improved online fault identification scheme for the MMC applied to WECS, which avoided the use of extra sensors by only using the already available variables in detection, and therefore the maintenance cost of the distant offshore wind farms can be reduced. In [12], the complete control scheme of MMC applied to the PMSG-based WECS was proposed. Low voltage ride-through problems and capacitor voltage ripple problems were also studied in that paper. In addition, the increasing interest in all-dc wind farms, in recent years, will also enlarge the application of MMC in WECS [13][14][15].Steady-state analysis can be used for component sizing and assessment of the impact of different parameters on the MMC performance. However, there is no reference available for the steady-state anal...

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“…In modern power systems, more and more renewable energies such as solar and wind energy are integrated with the power grid through grid-connected power converters. To use this energy in more efficient ways, several advanced techniques, such as high voltage direct current transmission (HVDC) [1], flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) [2] and energy storage systems (ESSs) [3], are developed. Some power electronic converter-based applications on the customer side, such as constant power load (CPL) and micro-grids with ESSs, are also widely used for some purposes, like peak load shaving.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Modified DSC-Based Grid Synchronization Method for a High Renewable Penetrated Power System Under Distorted Voltage Conditions

Yang

et al. 2019

Energies

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With the increasing penetration of renewable energy, a weak grid with declining inertia and distorted voltage conditions becomes a significant problem for wind and solar energy integration. Grid frequency is prone to deviate from its nominal value. Grid voltages become more easily polluted by unbalanced and harmonic components. Grid synchronization technique, as a significant method used in wind and solar energy grid-connected converters, can easily become ineffective. As probably the most widespread grid synchronization technique, phase-locked loop (PLL) is required to detect the grid frequency and phase rapidly and precisely even under such undesired conditions. While the amount of filtering techniques can remove disturbances, they also deteriorate the dynamic performance of PLL, which may not meet the standard requirements of grid codes. The objective of this paper is to propose an effective PLL to tackle this challenge. The proposed PLL is based on quasi-type-1 PLL (QT1-PLL), which provides a good filtering capability by using a moving average filter (MAF). To accelerate the transient behavior when disturbance occurs, a modified delay signal cancellation (DSC) operator is proposed and incorporated into the filtering stage of QT1-PLL. By using modified DSCs and MAFs in a cascaded way, the settling time of the proposed method is reduced to around one cycle of grid fundamental frequency without degrading any disturbance rejection capability. To verify the performance, several test cases, which usually happen in high renewable penetrated power systems, are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed PLL. China [7,8], and caused many wind turbines to be tripped off. This highly impacted the operation of power distribution and renewable energy utilization. The grid frequency is prone to deviate from its nominal value since the inertia of the grid decreases. Grid voltages contain an amount of undesired components, such as fundamental frequency negative sequences (FFNSs) and harmonic components, which results in unbalanced and distorted grid conditions. It is an essential requirement for a renewable energy power converter to maintain stable operation with high performance under such conditions. To achieve this goal, a proper grid synchronization method is needed for all grid-connected applications. It is a big challenge for a grid synchronization method to extract grid frequency and phase information under such adverse conditions.

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Stability Analysis of a PMSG-Based Large Offshore Wind Farm Connected to a VSC-HVDC

Cited by 95 publications

References 16 publications

Fault Ride-Through Capability Enhancement of Type-4 WECS in Offshore Wind Farm via Nonlinear Adaptive Control of VSC-HVDC

Fault Ride-Through Capability Enhancement of Type-4 WECS in Offshore Wind Farm via Nonlinear Adaptive Control of VSC-HVDC

A Steady-State Analysis Method for Modular Multilevel Converters Connected to Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator-Based Wind Energy Conversion Systems

A Modified DSC-Based Grid Synchronization Method for a High Renewable Penetrated Power System Under Distorted Voltage Conditions

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