Stabilities, aromaticity, infrared spectra, and optical properties of exohedral fullerene derivatives C76X18(X = H, F, Cl, and Br)

Controlling the reaction between boron-containing sealing glass and a lanthanum-containing cathode by adding Nb2O5

“…The accumulated weight change of the glass-ceramics is proportional to the square root of heat-treatment time, due to the diffusion-controlled nature of boron volatility [10]. Our previous work has shown that Bi 2 O 3 is volatilized during the long-term operation of SOFCs, although this does not impair the activity of the cathode [12,13]. Therefore, the weight loss may also be attributed to the volatile bismuthcontaining species present in the glass.…”

“…However, only a few studies have reported on the design of sealing glass to reduce cathodic boron poisoning. Our recent work [12,13] has shown that the addition of Bi 2 O 3 to sealing glass not only decreases its glass transition and softening temperatures, but also promotes the transition of [BO 3 ] to [BO 4 ] units. The former fulfills the need for intermediate-temperature operation of SOFCs (i.e., IT-SOFC), and the latter leads to less volatile boron species, reducing their loss from the glass [12,13].…”

Metal/Semiconductor Hybrid Nanocrystals and Synergistic Photocatalysis Applications

“…It means that the method for preparation of Au-Cu 2 O with tunable yolk-shell nanoparticle provides a route to tune the optical properties which is of importance for photocatalysis. With template free method, some metal cation is introduced into hollow nanocrystals then reduced forming metal nanoparticles in the cavities of hollow structure [67,68]. Cu-SiO 2 yolkshell nanocrystal is synthesized by reducing Cu 2+ cation in cavity of SiO 2 hollow particle and the size of Cu core can be tuned by multiple reduction cycles ( Figure 15A-D) [67].…”

“…By this method, multiplied cores or cores with different materials can be synthesized. Au-SiO 2 yolk-shell with tunable core is prepared by reducing HAuCl4 in the cavity of SiO 2 -SiO 2 yolk-shell nanostructure ( Figure 15F-I) [68]. On account of that, metal cation can be introduced into the cavities of hollow nanoparticles or yolk-shell nanoparticles, and other kinds of metal cation can be introduced into the cavities to react with metal core forming a new metal core or alloy core.…”

Evaluating Technical and Tactical Abilities of Football Teams in Euro 2012 Based on Improved Information Entropy Model and SOM Neural Networks

“…It can be said that headed by Spain, the European top teams represent the development trend of the world football games. Therefore, we need to study Euro 2012 team in aspects of technical and tactical abilities to identify the success factors of the European teams so as to provide some references and lessons for the development of football in other countries [1,2].…”