Stabilisation of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene with Vitamin E

Bracco, Pierangiola; Brunella, Valentina Giovanna; Zanetti, Marco; Luda, M. P.; Costa, Luigi

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2007.02.023

Cited by 114 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…These residual free radicals can migrate to the crystalline/amorphous interface and cause oxidation and reduction of UHMWPE elongation at break, tensile strength, fracture toughness and fatigue crack propagation resistance [33][34][35][36][37][38]. Therefore, to improve the oxidation resistance and the mechanical and fatigue strengths of cross-linked UHMWPE, antioxidant vitamin E is used to stabilise the radiation-induced free radicals [39][40][41][42]. The main role of vitamin E is to react with free radicals and protect the UHMWPE [39,43].…”

Section: Vitamin-e-stabilised Uhmwpementioning

confidence: 99%

Wear Performance of UHMWPE and Reinforced UHMWPE Composites in Arthroplasty Applications: A Review

2015

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Abstract:As the gold standard material for artificial joints, ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) generates wear debris when the material is used in arthroplasty applications. Due to the adverse reactions of UHMWPE wear debris with surrounding tissues, the life time of UHMWPE joints is often limited to 15-20 years. To improve the wear resistance and performance of the material, various attempts have been made in the past decades. This paper reviews existing improvements made to enhance its mechanical properties and wear resistance. They include using gamma irradiation to promote the cross-linked structure and to improve the wear resistance, blending vitamin E to protect the UHMWPE, filler incorporation to improve the mechanical and wear performance, and surface texturing to improve the lubrication condition and to reduce wear. Limitations of existing work and future studies are also identified.

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Section: Vitamin-e-stabilised Uhmwpementioning

confidence: 99%

Wear Performance of UHMWPE and Reinforced UHMWPE Composites in Arthroplasty Applications: A Review

2015

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“…While accelerated aging is helpful in comparing the oxidation resistance and oxidation potential of different types of bearing materials, it cannot be used to predict the oxidation timeline or profile of a particular material in vivo. Nevertheless, it has been shown in several types of accelerated aging studies, carried out at elevated temperatures and/or in the presence of pure oxygen under high pressure, that vitamin-E-containing, irradiated polyethylene is more stable than gamma-sterilised or high-dose irradiated polyethylene [8,36,39,41,53,55,75]. It is proposed that this is due to the reaction of vitamin E with the primary free radicals on the polyethylene chains and also free radicals resulting from their reaction with oxygen.…”

Section: Dopingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are two methods by which vitamin E can be incorporated into radiation crosslinked UHMWPE. The first is blending of the liquid antioxidant with UHMWPE resin powder, consolidating the mixture by compression molding and irradiating the consolidated blend for crosslinking [8,36,52,58]. Because vitamin E can also act as a free radical scavenger during irradiation, the crosslinking efficiency of UHMWPE is lowered in the presence of vitamin E [52,58] and the vitamin E concentration in the blend is limited to less than 0.3 wt% [51].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin E diffused, highly crosslinked UHMWPE: a review

Oral

Muratoglu

2010

International Orthopaedics (SICOT)

207

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Highly crosslinked UHMWPE has become the bearing surface of choice in total hip arthroplasty. First generation crosslinked UHMWPEs, clinically introduced in the 1990s, show significant improvements compared to gamma sterilised, conventional UHMWPE in decreasing wear and osteolysis. These crosslinked UHMWPEs were thermally treated (annealed or melted) after irradiation to improve their oxidation resistance. While annealing resulted in the retention of some oxidation potential, postirradiation melted UHMWPEs had reduced fatigue strength due to the crystallinity loss during melting. Thus, the stabilisation of radiation crosslinked UHMWPEs by the diffusion of the antioxidant vitamin E was developed to obtain oxidation resistance with improved fatigue strength by avoiding post-irradiation melting. A two-step process was developed to incorporate vitamin E into irradiated UHMWPE by diffusion to obtain a uniform concentration profile. Against accelerated and real-time aging in vitro, this material showed superior oxidation resistance to UHMWPEs with residual free radicals. The fatigue strength was improved compared to irradiated and melted UHMWPEs crosslinked using the same irradiation dose. Several adverse testing schemes simulating impingement showed satisfactory behaviour. Peri-prosthetic tissue reaction to vitamin E was evaluated in rabbits and any effects of vitamin E on device fixation were evaluated in a canine model, both of which showed no detrimental effects of the inclusion of vitamin E in crosslinked UHMWPE. Irradiated, vitamin E-diffused, and gamma sterilised UHMWPEs have been in clinical use in hips since 2007 and in knees since 2008. The clinical outcome of this material will be apparent from the results of prospective, randomised clinical studies. IntroductionOsteolysis triggered mainly by ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) wear particles has been one of the major problems in total hip arthroplasty along with instability/dislocation and infection [7]. Highly crosslinked UHMWPEs were developed using high-dose irradiation (50-100 kGy) to decrease the wear rate of UHMWPE [44,46] and have become the standard-of-care after their first decade of service, especially in North America [61].Irradiation causes crosslinking in the amorphous phase of the UHMWPE [33], but also initiates the formation of free radicals in the crystalline phase [23], unable to recombine due to structural limitations, they become trapped for long periods of time [29]. These residual free radicals are believed to migrate to the crystalline/amorphous interface and cause oxidative degradation in the material [16][17][18]59, 69] through a cascade of reactions with oxygen [32,71].In first generation crosslinked UHMWPEs [34], postirradiation thermal treatment was used to increase the oxidation resistance (Fig. 1). One approach was to annealThe studies discussed here were performed by research funding in part from NIH/NIAMS

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“…k S1 was estimated ca 450 l mol -1 s -1 . Those values allow to simulate other results obtained for irradiation under air (Bracco et al, 2007) for several other vitamin E initial concentration, supposing that irradiation conditions are the same than for (Costa et al, 2009). …”

mentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Kinetics of vitamin E depletion during 6 kGy h -1 irradiation under air at room temperature ( : 0.5%,  : 0.1%,  : 0.05% from Bracco et al, 2007) and simulations by the model with k S1 … k S4 values given above.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of stabilization by Vitamin E and 2,6-di-tert-butylphenols during polyethylene radio-thermal-oxidation

Richaud

2014

Radiation Physics and Chemistry

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is an open access repository that collects the work of Arts et Métiers ParisTech researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible. ABSTRACT This paper reports a compilation of data for PE + vitamin E and 2,6-di-tert-butyl phenols oxidation in radio-thermal ageing. Data unambiguously show that vitamin E react with P° and POO° whereas 2,6-di-tert-butyl phenols only react with POO°. Kinetic parameters of the stabilization reactions for both kinds of antioxidants were tentatively extracted from phenol depletion curves, and discussed regarding the structure of the stabilizer. They were also used for completing an existing kinetic model used for predicting the stabilization by antioxidants. This one permits to compare the efficiency of stabilizer with dose rate or sample thickness.2

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Stabilisation of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene with Vitamin E

Cited by 114 publications

References 36 publications

Wear Performance of UHMWPE and Reinforced UHMWPE Composites in Arthroplasty Applications: A Review

Wear Performance of UHMWPE and Reinforced UHMWPE Composites in Arthroplasty Applications: A Review

Vitamin E diffused, highly crosslinked UHMWPE: a review

Comparison of stabilization by Vitamin E and 2,6-di-tert-butylphenols during polyethylene radio-thermal-oxidation

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