Stabilisation of pyrolysis oils

Lødeng, Rune; Bergem, Håkon

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-101029-7.00006-0

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 145 publications

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“…An approximate 1.1% weight loss of biocrude occurred during this process, including solids and some residual biocrude in filter cake. As it had been previously reported that the ash in biocrudes can contribute to polymerization, it is important for the stability of the biocrude that the ash be removed [13, 22, 23].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential yields and emission reductions of biojet fuels produced via hydrotreatment of biocrudes produced through direct thermochemical liquefaction

Dyk

Ebadian

et al. 2019

Biotechnol Biofuels

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BackgroundThe hydrotreatment of oleochemical/lipid feedstocks is currently the only technology that provides significant volumes (millions of litres per year) of “conventional” biojet/sustainable aviation fuels (SAF). However, if biojet fuels are to be produced in sustainably sourced volumes (billions of litres per year) at a price comparable with fossil jet fuel, biomass-derived “advanced” biojet fuels will be needed. Three direct thermochemical liquefaction technologies, fast pyrolysis, catalytic fast pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction were assessed for their potential to produce “biocrudes” which were subsequently upgraded to drop-in biofuels by either dedicated hydrotreatment or co-processed hydrotreatment.ResultsA significant biojet fraction (between 20.8 and 36.6% of total upgraded fuel volume) was produced by all of the processes. When the fractions were assessed against general ASTM D7566 specifications they showed significant compliance, despite a lack of optimization in any of the process steps. When the life cycle analysis GHGenius model was used to assess the carbon intensity of the various products, significant emission reductions (up to 74%) could be achieved.ConclusionsIt was apparent that the production of biojet fuels based on direct thermochemical liquefaction of biocrudes, followed by hydrotreating, has considerable potential.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential yields and emission reductions of biojet fuels produced via hydrotreatment of biocrudes produced through direct thermochemical liquefaction

Dyk

Ebadian

et al. 2019

Biotechnol Biofuels

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“…The instability of bio-oil is typically called “aging”, which is defined as the process of irreversibly changing over time . During storage, the changes of chemical composition, physical and chemical properties, and multiphase behavior of bio-oil may occur due to aging, making it challenging to the storage, handling, transportation, upgrading and application of bio-oil .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The instability of bio-oil is typically called "aging", which is defined as the process of irreversibly changing over time. 53 During storage, the changes of chemical composition, physical and chemical properties, and multiphase behavior of bio-oil may occur due to aging, making it challenging to the storage, handling, transportation, upgrading and application of biooil. 54 Generally, bio-oil aging is caused by the reactions (e.g., polymerization, esterification, transesterification, hydration, hemiacetal formation, acetalization, dimerization reactions) between its components under acidic and thermal conditions catalyzed by nanosized char particles or minerals in bio-oil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Aging of Bio-Oil from Biomass Pyrolysis and Strategy to Slowing Aging

et al. 2021

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Bio-oil from biomass pyrolysis is a promising alternative and clean source of biofuels, chemicals, and materials. Its chemical composition, physical and chemical properties, and multiphase behavior change over time, because of aging, which significantly affects its storage, handling, transportation, upgrading, and application. This Review focuses on studying bio-oil aging, and its outlook, primarily covering the following four components: (1) the chemical composition, physical and chemical properties, and multiphase behavior of bio-oil;(2) the indicators for measuring the degree of aging and aging characteristics, including physical and chemical properties change during long-term and accelerated aging of bio-oil; (3) the aging mechanisms and kinetics emphasizing the reactions during the aging process and different kinetic models based on different aging indicators; (4) the potential approaches to slowing bio-oil aging. This Review presents highlights in developing aging mechanisms and kinetics that will allow the reader to have an in-depth understanding of the effect of aging on bio-oil properties and the approaches to improve the resistance of bio-oil aging.

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“…The presence of suspended solids and ash contained within untreated fast pyrolysis bio-oils can lead to numerous challenges during upgrading and utilization of the intermediate or fuel. Plugging/fouling, erosion and catalyst deactivation can occur when upgrading untreated FPBOs with high solids and ash content. , Furthermore, in addition to plugging/fouling, the occurrence of inconsistent atomization spray patterns, erosion/corrosion on hot combustion surfaces, elevated particulate emissions and increased aging in stored FPBOs can result from storage and utilization of these similar FPBOs. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation of Fouling Remediation Strategies for Cross-Flow Microfiltration of Fast Pyrolysis Bio-Oil

Mazerolle

Bronson

Kruczek

2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Cross-flow microfiltration of fast pyrolysis bio-oil is a physical treatment pathway capable of reducing the filtered product's solids content to acceptable levels for fuel utilization and/or upgrading. However, the overall throughput of the process is hindered by the fouling that occurs on and/or within the filtration media over short operating periods. To improve the throughput from fast pyrolysis bio-oil cross-flow microfiltration, the use of offline and on-line cleaning techniques were experimentally evaluated. On-line cleaning strategies using permeate, solvent, and compressed air confirmed the reversibility of the accumulated fouling layer over a small (<10) number of cleaning cycles. The use of compressed air as a simple on-line cleaning strategy was further examined over extended operating times, including a total of 31 consecutive backflushing cycles. Compared to the reference case (no cleaning), on-line compressed air backflushing increased the overall throughput of low solids permeates by more than 100%. Ultimately, the demonstration of an on-line fouling remediation strategy for fast pyrolysis bio-oil cross-flow microfiltration increases the likelihood that it could be a viable treatment pathway for suspended solids and/or ash removal in pyrolysis liquids before end-use and/or upgrading of the biofuel.

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Stabilisation of pyrolysis oils

Cited by 17 publications

References 145 publications

Potential yields and emission reductions of biojet fuels produced via hydrotreatment of biocrudes produced through direct thermochemical liquefaction

Potential yields and emission reductions of biojet fuels produced via hydrotreatment of biocrudes produced through direct thermochemical liquefaction

Review on Aging of Bio-Oil from Biomass Pyrolysis and Strategy to Slowing Aging

Experimental Investigation of Fouling Remediation Strategies for Cross-Flow Microfiltration of Fast Pyrolysis Bio-Oil

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