Stabilisation of municipal solid waste after autoclaving in a passively aerated bioreactor

Wojnowska‐Baryła, Irena; Kulikowska, Dorota; Bernat, Katarzyna; Kasiński, Sławomir; Zaborowska, Magdalena; Kielak, Teodor

doi:10.1177/0734242x19833161

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Autoclaving is an established industrial-scale process that is widely employed in the waste industry to rapidly, hygienically and effectively recover resources from MSW [71,72]. Compositional profiles for autoclave pre-treated OMSW have been reported in three other studies [10,29,30].…”

Section: Omsw Fibre As a Feedstock For Bio-manufacturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust microorganisms for biofuel and chemical production from municipal solid waste

et al. 2020

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Background: Worldwide 3.4 billion tonnes of municipal solid waste (MSW) will be produced annually by 2050, however, current approaches to MSW management predominantly involve unsustainable practices like landfilling and incineration. The organic fraction of MSW (OMSW) typically comprises ~ 50% lignocellulose-rich material but is underexplored as a biomanufacturing feedstock due to its highly inconsistent and heterogeneous composition. This study sought to overcome the limitations associated with studying MSW-derived feedstocks by using OMSW produced from a realistic and reproducible MSW mixture on a commercial autoclave system. The resulting OMSW fibre was enzymatically hydrolysed and used to screen diverse microorganisms of biotechnological interest to identify robust species capable of fermenting this complex feedstock. Results:The autoclave pre-treated OMSW fibre contained a polysaccharide fraction comprising 38% cellulose and 4% hemicellulose. Enzymatic hydrolysate of OMSW fibre was high in d-glucose (5.5% w/v) and d-xylose (1.8%w/v) but deficient in nitrogen and phosphate. Although relatively low levels of levulinic acid (30 mM) and vanillin (2 mM) were detected and furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural were absent, the hydrolysate contained an abundance of potentially toxic metals (0.6% w/v). Hydrolysate supplemented with 1% yeast extract to alleviate nutrient limitation was used in a substrate-oriented shake-flask screen with eight biotechnologically useful microorganisms (Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum, Escherichia coli, Geobacillus thermoglucosidasius, Pseudomonas putida, Rhodococcus opacus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Zymomonas mobilis). Each species' growth and productivity were characterised and three species were identified that robustly and efficiently fermented OMSW fibre hydrolysate without significant substrate inhibition: Z. mobilis, S. cerevisiae and R. opacus, respectively produced product to 69%, 70% and 72% of the maximum theoretical fermentation yield and could theoretically produce 136 kg and 139 kg of ethanol and 91 kg of triacylglycerol (TAG) per tonne of OMSW. Conclusions: Developing an integrated biorefinery around MSW has the potential to significantly alleviate the environmental burden of current waste management practices. Substrate-oriented screening of a representative and reproducible OMSW-derived fibre identified microorganisms intrinsically suited to growth on OMSW hydrolysates. These species are promising candidates for developing an MSW biorefining platform and provide a foundation for future studies aiming to valorise this underexplored feedstock. © The Author(s) 2020. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third part...

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Section: Omsw Fibre As a Feedstock For Bio-manufacturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust microorganisms for biofuel and chemical production from municipal solid waste

et al. 2020

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“…70% of organic matter, had a high caloric value of 10-12 MJ/kg; AT4 and GP21equaled ca. 25 g O 2 /kg TS and 263 dm 3 /kg TS, respectively [21]. All above values clearly indicate that ORF needs further treatment to reduce its biodegradability.…”

Section: Waste Used In the Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The reactor (with a capacity of 550 L) was equipped with devices for automatic monitoring of temperature and mass. A detailed description of the experimental material and the reactor is presented in Wojnowska-Baryła et al [21].…”

Section: Aerobic Stabilization Of Orfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stabilizate from Autoclaved Municipal Solid Waste as a Source of Valuable Humic Substances in a Waste Circular Economy

Kulikowska

Bernat

Wojnowska‐Baryła

et al. 2019

Waste Biomass Valor

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One of the solutions in unsorted municipal waste management is autoclaving, which maximize the amount of waste for recycling. After autoclaving, however, up to 30% of autoclaved waste, called organic remaining fraction (ORF) is still unstabilized and cannot be landfilled but must be subjected for further stabilization, e.g. in aerobic conditions. After this process waste meets standards for landfilling. However, as during aerobic stabilization humification of organic matter proceed, before landfilling humic substances (HS) could be recovered. High HS concentration in ORF means that before its landfilling HS can be recovered. The maximal recovering of valuable substances from waste is in line with the principles of sustainable development. Therefore, this study examined the humification of ORF from a full-scale mechanical-heat-treatment plant during composting in two-stage system (1st stage in 550 L reactor, 2nd stage in windrow). The rates of organics mineralization were 8.35-12.00 g OM/kg d.m. d. The rates of HS formation were lower, 3.31-3.92 mg/g OM d, and process proceeded most intensively up to 50 days. The maximum HS concentrations were 82-120 mg/g OM, similar to those in composts from different kinds of organic waste. ORF ORF+I intensive humification Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)So far, autoclaves were used mainly for treatment of medical waste. In last decade a few autoclaving installations (mechanical-heat-treatment plant, MHT plant) were established for municipal waste. However, after that process a large part of the autoclaved waste comprises the biodegradable fraction (ORF) that must be stabilized. However, the product of stabilization cannot be used in the environment, but needs to be only landfilled. If it were possible to extract useful substances from the stabilizate, e.g. humic substances, this would be consistent with the goals of a circular economy.To the best our knowledge, humification process during aerobic stabilization of ORF from a full-scale MHT plant as well as humic substances content in stabilizate from ORF have not been analyzed. Humification have been the subject of many research but during composting, not municipal waste stabilization. We found that HS concentrations in stabilized ORF are high, which indicates that recovery of these substances can be profitable and that this waste can serve as a source of materials for new products in the circular economy.

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“…The separated ORF can be also contaminated with glass and other foreign matter, which limits the production of high-quality compost [8]. For this reason, research on the aerobic treatment of the autoclaved organic fraction is being conducted with the goal of achieving aerobic stabilization, i.e., in passive aeration conditions [7]. Another test, performed by Kulikowska et al [9], showed that stabilizate from autoclaved municipal solid waste might be a source of valuable humic substances (HS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The process of autoclaving disrupts the lignocellulosic structure in organic waste [6], which theoretically facilitates the decomposition of organic matter, both in aerobic and anaerobic conditions. A test performed by Wojnowska-Baryla et al [7] showed that the effect of waste sterilization during autoclaving is not permanent, and the organic remaining fraction converts to biologically unstable material that could not be landfilled without posttreatment (ca. AT4 = 25 g O 2 kg -1 TS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesophilic and Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Organic Fraction Separated during Mechanical Heat Treatment of Municipal Waste

Kasiński

2020

Applied Sciences

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The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of process temperature on semi-continuous anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction separated during autoclaving of municipal waste. Tests were carried out in reactors with full mixing. Biogas production was higher in thermophilic conditions than in mesophilic conditions (0.92 L/g volatile solids at 55 °C vs. 0.42 L/g volatile solids at 37 °C, respectively). The resulting methane yields were 0.25-0.32 L CH4/g VS and 0.56–0.70 L CH4/g VS in mesophilic and thermophilic conditions, respectively. In both variants, the methane share was over 70% v/v. This work also discusses the potential impact of Maillard compounds on the efficiency of the fermentation process, which were probably produced during the process of autoclaving of municipal waste. These results indicate that, after autoclaving, the organic fraction of municipal waste can be an effective substrate for anaerobic digestion in thermophilic conditions.

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Stabilisation of municipal solid waste after autoclaving in a passively aerated bioreactor

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Robust microorganisms for biofuel and chemical production from municipal solid waste

Robust microorganisms for biofuel and chemical production from municipal solid waste

Stabilizate from Autoclaved Municipal Solid Waste as a Source of Valuable Humic Substances in a Waste Circular Economy

Mesophilic and Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Organic Fraction Separated during Mechanical Heat Treatment of Municipal Waste

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