Sr-Nd-Pb Isotope Evidence for Ice-Sheet Presence on Southern Greenland During the Last Interglacial

Colville, Elizabeth J.; Carlson, Anders E.; Beard, Brian L.; Hatfield, Robert G.; Stoner, J. S.; Reyes, Alberto V.; Ullman, David G.

doi:10.1126/science.1204673

Cited by 137 publications

(176 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Taking contributions from thermal expansion and mountain glaciers into account and that global sea level was at least 6 m higher than today (Dutton et al, 2015), this implies that a contribution is likely also required from the WAIS (noted specifically by Colville et al, 2011) and/or other parts of the Antarctic ice sheet. Although studies have suggested the possibility of an East Antarctic contribution (Bradley et al, 2012;Fogwill et al, 2014;Pingree et al, 2011), this has yet to be quantitatively supported by observational or modelling evidence.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The contribution of the Greenland ice sheet to global LIG sea level rise has recently been quantified (Born and Nisancioglu, 2012;Colville et al, 2011;Helsen et al, 2013;NEEM community members, 2013;Quiquet et al, 2013;Stone et al, 2013), with the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report stating a range very likely between 1.4 and 4.3 m of equivalent sea level height . Taking contributions from thermal expansion and mountain glaciers into account and that global sea level was at least 6 m higher than today (Dutton et al, 2015), this implies that a contribution is likely also required from the WAIS (noted specifically by Colville et al, 2011) and/or other parts of the Antarctic ice sheet.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of meltwater on high-latitude early Last Interglacial climate

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Recent data compilations of the early Last Interglacial period have indicated a bipolar temperature response at 130 ka, with colder-than-present temperatures in the North Atlantic and warmer-than-present temperatures in the Southern Ocean and over Antarctica. However, climate model simulations of this period have been unable to reproduce this response, when only orbital and greenhouse gas forcings are considered in a climate model framework. Using a full-complexity general circulation model we perform climate model simulations representative of 130 ka conditions which include a magnitude of freshwater forcing derived from data at this time. We show that this meltwater from the remnant Northern Hemisphere ice sheets during the glacialinterglacial transition produces a modelled climate response similar to the observed colder-than-present temperatures in the North Atlantic at 130 ka and also results in warmer-thanpresent temperatures in the Southern Ocean via the bipolar seesaw mechanism. Further simulations in which the West Antarctic Ice Sheet is also removed lead to warming in East Antarctica and the Southern Ocean but do not appreciably improve the model-data comparison. This integrated modeldata approach provides evidence that Northern Hemisphere freshwater forcing is an important player in the evolution of early Last Interglacial climate.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of meltwater on high-latitude early Last Interglacial climate

et al. 2016

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“…From the NEEM record (Dahl-Jensen et al, 2013), it is inferred that at 122 ka BP, the surface elevation thinned by 130 ± 300 m. The other five ice core sites remained ice covered, including Dye-3 (Yau et al, 2016). Additionally, analysis of Sr-Nd-Pb isotope ratios in offshore material collected from Erik Drift (Colville et al, 2011) infers that the southern margin retreated to a smaller extent than in the PD but that the ice sheet did not undergo complete deglaciation during the LIG.…”

Section: Observational Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of the Greenland Ice Sheet over two glacial–interglacial cycles: investigating a sub-ice- shelf melt parameterization and relative sea level forcing in an ice-sheet–ice-shelf model

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Observational evidence, including offshore moraines and sediment cores, confirm that at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) expanded to a significantly larger spatial extent than seen at present, grounding into Baffin Bay and out onto the continental shelf break. Given this larger spatial extent and its close proximity to the neighbouring Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) and Innuitian Ice Sheet (IIS), it is likely these ice sheets will have had a strong non-local influence on the spatial and temporal behaviour of the GrIS. Most previous paleo ice-sheet modelling simulations recreated an ice sheet that either did not extend out onto the continental shelf or utilized a simplified marine ice parameterization which did not fully include the effect of ice shelves or neglected the sensitivity of the GrIS to this non-local bedrock signal from the surrounding ice sheets.In this paper, we investigated the evolution of the GrIS over the two most recent glacial-interglacial cycles (240 ka BP to the present day) using the ice-sheet-ice-shelf model IMAU-ICE. We investigated the solid earth influence of the LIS and IIS via an offline relative sea level (RSL) forcing generated by a glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) model. The RSL forcing governed the spatial and temporal pattern of sub-ice-shelf melting via changes in the water depth below the ice shelves.In the ensemble of simulations, at the glacial maximums, the GrIS coalesced with the IIS to the north and expanded to the continental shelf break to the southwest but remained too restricted to the northeast. In terms of the global mean sea level contribution, at the Last Interglacial (LIG) and LGM the ice sheet added 1.46 and −2.59 m, respectively. This LGM contribution by the GrIS is considerably higher (∼ 1.26 m) than most previous studies whereas the contribution to the LIG highstand is lower (∼ 0.7 m). The spatial and temporal behaviour of the northern margin was highly variable in all simulations, controlled by the sub-ice-shelf melting which was dictated by the RSL forcing and the glacial history of the IIS and LIS. In contrast, the southwestern part of the ice sheet was insensitive to these forcings, with a uniform response in all simulations controlled by the surface air temperature, derived from ice cores.

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“…During the previous interglacial, when boreal summer temperatures were up to 58C warmer than at present, a smaller GrIS contributed 2 m to a global-mean sea level that was at least 4 m higher than that of today (Colville et al 2011;Dahl-Jensen et al 2013). On multimillenial time scales, large future volume changes of the GrIS will probably be controlled by the feedback between surface elevation and surface temperature (Levermann et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oceanic Boundary Conditions for Jakobshavn Glacier. Part I: Variability and Renewal of Ilulissat Icefjord Waters, 2001–14

Gladish

Holland

Rosing‐Asvid

et al. 2015

Journal of Physical Oceanography

138

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Jakobshavn Glacier, west Greenland, has responded to temperature changes in Ilulissat Icefjord, into which it terminates. This study collected hydrographic observations inside Ilulissat Icefjord and from adjacent Disko Bay between 2001 and 2014. The warmest deep Disko Bay waters were blocked by the entrance sill and did not reach Jakobshavn Glacier. In the fjord basin, the summer mean temperature was 2.88C from 2009 to 2013, excluding 2010, when it was 18C cooler. Despite this variability, summer potential densities in the basin were in the narrow range of 27.20 # s u # 27.31 kg m 23, and basin water properties matched those of Disko Bay in this layer each summer. This relation has likely held since at least 1980. Basin waters from 2009 and 2011-13 were therefore similar to those in 1998/99, when Jakobshavn Glacier began to retreat, while basin waters in 2010 were as cool as in the 1980s. The 2010 basin temperature anomaly was advected into Disko Bay, not produced by local atmospheric variability.This anomaly also shows that Ilulissat Icefjord basin waters were renewed annually or faster. Time series fragments inside the fjord did not capture the 2010 anomaly but show that the basin temperatures varied little subannually, outside of summer. Fjord velocity profiles from summer 2013 implied a basin renewal time scale of about 1 month. In model simulations of the fjord circulation, subglacial discharge from Jakobshavn Glacier could drive renewal of the fjord basin over a single summer, while baroclinic forcing from outside the fjord could not, because of the sill at the mouth.

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Sr-Nd-Pb Isotope Evidence for Ice-Sheet Presence on Southern Greenland During the Last Interglacial

Cited by 137 publications

References 27 publications

Impact of meltwater on high-latitude early Last Interglacial climate

Impact of meltwater on high-latitude early Last Interglacial climate

Simulation of the Greenland Ice Sheet over two glacial–interglacial cycles: investigating a sub-ice- shelf melt parameterization and relative sea level forcing in an ice-sheet–ice-shelf model

Oceanic Boundary Conditions for Jakobshavn Glacier. Part I: Variability and Renewal of Ilulissat Icefjord Waters, 2001–14

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