Squishy matters – Corneal mechanobiology in health and disease

Thomasy, Sara M.; Leonard, Brian C.; Greiner, Mark A.; Skeie, Jessica M.; Raghunathan, Vijay Krishna

doi:10.1016/j.preteyeres.2023.101234

Progress in Retinal and Eye Research

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2023.101234

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Squishy matters – Corneal mechanobiology in health and disease

Sara M. Thomasy,

Brian C. Leonard,

Mark A. Greiner

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 3 publications

References 450 publications

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Biologicals and Biomaterials for Corneal Regeneration and Vision Restoration in Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency

Di Girolamo

2024

Advanced Materials

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The mammalian cornea is decorated with stem cells bestowed with the life‐long task of renewing the epithelium, provided they remain healthy, functional and in sufficient numbers. If not, a debilitating disease known as limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) can develop causing blindness. Decades after the first stem cell (SC) therapy was devised to treat this condition, patients continue to suffer unacceptable failures. During this time, improvements to therapeutics have included identifying better markers to isolate robust SC populations and nurturing them on crudely modified biological or biomaterial scaffolds including human amniotic membrane, fibrin and contact lenses, prior to their delivery. Researchers are now gathering information about the biomolecular and biomechanical properties of the corneal SC niche to decipher what biological and/or synthetic materials can be incorporated into these carriers. Advances in biomedical engineering including electrospinning and 3D bioprinting with surface functionalization and micropatterning, and self‐assembly models, have generated a wealth of biocompatible, biodegradable, integrating scaffolds to choose from, some of which are being tested for their SC delivery capacity in the hope of improving clinical outcomes for patients with LSCD.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Biologicals and Biomaterials for Corneal Regeneration and Vision Restoration in Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency

Di Girolamo

2024

Advanced Materials

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Cell therapy in the cornea: The emerging role of microenvironment

Suanno,

Genna,

Maurizi

et al. 2024

Progress in Retinal and Eye Research

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Limbal stem cell therapy

Bonnet,

Gonzalez,

Deng

2024

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology

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Purpose of review To highlight the progress and future direction of limbal stem cell (LSC) therapies for the treatment of limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD). Recent findings Direct LSC transplantation have demonstrated good long-term outcomes. Cultivated limbal epithelial transplantation (CLET) has been an alternative to treat severe to total LSCD aiming to improve the safety and efficacy of the LSC transplant. A prospective early-stage uncontrolled clinical trial shows the feasibility and safety of CLET manufactured under xenobiotic free conditions. Other cell sources for repopulating of the corneal epithelium such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells are being investigated. The first clinical trials of using MSCs showed short-term results, but long-term efficacy seems to be disappointing. A better understanding of the niche function and regulation of LSC survival and proliferation will lead to the development of medical therapies to rejuvenate the residual LSCs found in a majority of eyes with LSCD in vivo. Prior efforts have been largely focused on improving LSC transplantation. Additional effort should be placed on improving the accuracy of diagnosis and staging of LSCD, and implementing standardized outcome measures which enable comparison of efficacy of different LSCD treatments for different severity of LSCD. The choice of LSCD treatment will be customized based on the severity of LSCD in the future. Summary New approaches for managing different stages of LSCD are being developed. This concise review summarizes the progresses in LSC therapies for LSCD, underlying mechanisms, limitations, and future areas of development.

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Squishy matters – Corneal mechanobiology in health and disease

Cited by 3 publications

References 450 publications

Biologicals and Biomaterials for Corneal Regeneration and Vision Restoration in Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency

Biologicals and Biomaterials for Corneal Regeneration and Vision Restoration in Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency

Cell therapy in the cornea: The emerging role of microenvironment

Limbal stem cell therapy

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