Squared form factors for the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mi>A</mml:mi><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:msup><mml:mi>Π</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mi>B</mml:mi><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:msup><mml:msup><mml:mi>Σ</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>vibronic bands of carbon monoxide studied by high-resolution inelastic x-ray scattering

Ni, Dongdong; Xu, Kailai; Yang, Kè; Liu, Yawei; Mei, Xiao-Xun; Zhao, Xiaoli; Xu, Long-Quan; Hiraoka, Nozomu; Tsuei, Ku‐Ding; Zhu, Lin-Fan

doi:10.1103/physreva.91.042501

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…r 0 is the classic electron radius, while ω i and ω f stand for the energies of incident and scattered photons, respectively. The validity of formula (3) has been proven by our previous investigations of atoms and molecules [5,17,27,28,30,31].…”

Section: Experimental Apparatus and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 83%

A study on the validity of the first Born approximation for high-energy electron scattering with nitrogen molecules

Liu

et al. 2019

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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The first Born approximation is one of the most extensively used principles to deal with scattering processes, especially for fast projectiles. In the case of fast electron scattering, an empirical criterion has been proposed and widely accepted that a good match among the fast electron scattering results with higher and higher incident electron energies is enough to demonstrate the validity of the first Born approximation. However, it is found that the mutually agreed experimental generalized oscillator strength of our electron scattering measurement and the cited ones of the and states of nitrogen at a wide range of incident electron energies is obviously smaller than the generalized oscillator strength obtained by our vibronically resolved inelastic x-ray scattering experiment, in which the first Born approximation is always satisfied. Such a phenomenon indicates that the empirical criterion is not strict, and our understanding of electron scattering with multi-electron system is far from complete.

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Section: Experimental Apparatus and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 83%

A study on the validity of the first Born approximation for high-energy electron scattering with nitrogen molecules

Liu

et al. 2019

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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“…As an usual experimental method differing from optical spectroscopy, scattering experiment is a powerful tool to explore the properties for the energy level structures and dynamic parameters of atoms and molecules, [1][2][3][4][5][6] in which the former can be identified by measuring the energy difference of the incident and scattered particles while the latter can be determined by measuring the intensity variation with the scattering angle. Although the energy resolution of the scattering experiment is generally lower than that of optical spectroscopic experiment, the scattering experiment has an unique advantage that the energy transfer and the momentum transfer are not a one-to-one correspondence, i.e., the momentum transfer of a definite excited state increases with the scattering angle increasing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection rules for electric multipole transition of triatomic molecule in scattering experiments

Hong-Chun

Zhu

2018

Chinese Phys. B

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In the electron or x-ray scattering experiment, the measured spectra at larger momentum transfer are dominated by the electric dipole-forbidden transitions, while the corresponding selection rules for triatomic molecules have not been clearly elucidated. In this work, based on the molecular point group, the selection rules for the electric multipolarities of the electronic transitions of triatomic molecules are derived and summarized into several tables with the variation of molecular geometry in the transition process being considered. Based on the summarized selection rules, the electron energy loss spectra of H 2 O, CO 2 , and N 2 O are identified, and the momentum transfer dependence behaviors of their valence-shell excitations are explained.

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“…1. The same setup has been used to study the squared form factors of valence shell excitations of atoms and molecules in our previous works44454647. In the present experiment, the analyzer energy for the scattered photon was fixed at 9889.37 eV, whereas the incident photon energy varied, from which the energy loss can be deduced easily.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The realization of the dipole (γ, γ) method and its application to determine the absolute optical oscillator strengths of helium

Liu

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

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The dipole (γ, γ) method, which is the inelastic x-ray scattering operated at a negligibly small momentum transfer, is proposed and realized to determine the absolute optical oscillator strengths of the vanlence-shell excitations of atoms and molecules. Compared with the conventionally used photoabsorption method, this new method is free from the line saturation effect, which can seriously limit the accuracies of the measured photoabsorption cross sections for discrete transitions with narrow natural linewidths. Furthermore, the Bethe-Born conversion factor of the dipole (γ, γ) method varies much more slowly with the excitation energy than does that of the dipole (e, e) method. Absolute optical oscillator strengths for the excitations of 1s2 → 1 snp(n = 3 − 7) of atomic helium have been determined using the high-resolution dipole (γ, γ) method, and the excellent agreement of the present measurements with both those measured by the dipole (e, e) method and the previous theoretical calculations indicates that the dipole (γ, γ) method is a powerful tool to measure the absolute optical oscillator strengths of the valence-shell excitations of atoms and molecules.

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Squared form factors for theA1ΠandB1Σ+vibronic bands of carbon monoxide studied by high-resolution inelastic x-ray scattering

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

A study on the validity of the first Born approximation for high-energy electron scattering with nitrogen molecules

A study on the validity of the first Born approximation for high-energy electron scattering with nitrogen molecules

Selection rules for electric multipole transition of triatomic molecule in scattering experiments

The realization of the dipole (γ, γ) method and its application to determine the absolute optical oscillator strengths of helium

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