Squamous Cell Carcinoma Developing on Burn Scar

Gül, Ülker; Kılıç, Arzu

doi:10.1097/01.sap.0000200734.74303.d5

Cited by 37 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…These tumors also develop on other wounds, including pressure sores ( 7 ), venous stasis ulcers ( 8 ), traumatic wounds ( 9 ), osteomyelitis ( 10 ), fistulas ( 11 ), leprosy ulcers ( 12 ) and lacerations ( 13 ). Burn scars are reported to have a rate of carcinomatous change of 2% ( 14 ). The most common type of Marjolin's ulcer is squamous cell carcinoma, followed by basal cell carcinoma, sarcoma and melanoma ( 15 , 16 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical characteristics and therapeutic analysis of 51 patients with Marjolin's ulcers

Shen

Zhang

et al. 2015

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Marjolin's ulcers, which are epidermoid carcinomas arising on non-healing scar tissue, may be of various pathological types, including squamous cell carcinoma. The pathogenesis of squamous cell carcinoma arising in an ulcer differs from that of the primary cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. This squamous cell carcinoma is aggressive in nature, and has a high rate of metastasis. Between January 2001 and September 2013, 51 patients with Marjolin's ulcers were admitted to the Departments of Plastic Surgery of the Affiliated Foshan Hospital and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. The ulcers included 43 cases of squamous cell carcinoma, six of melanoma, one of basal cell carcinoma and one of epithelioid sarcoma. The clinical data of these patients were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were followed until mortality. Among the patients with squamous cell carcinoma, 30.23% exhibited sentinel lymph node metastasis and 11.63% had distant metastasis. Among the patients with melanoma, 66.67% had sentinel lymph node metastasis and 33.33% had distant metastasis. Sentinel lymph node metastasis was successfully detected in 11 patients with Marjolin's ulcer using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography and B-mode ultrasound guided biopsy. Squamous cell carcinoma was often treated by extended resection and skin grafting or skin flap repair. Patients with deep, aggressive squamous cell carcinoma of an extremity and sentinel lymph node metastasis underwent amputation and lymph node dissection. This treatment was also used for melanoma type Marjolin's ulcers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical characteristics and therapeutic analysis of 51 patients with Marjolin's ulcers

Shen

Zhang

et al. 2015

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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“…MU is a rare and aggressive cutaneous malignant transformation with an incidence of 0.1% to 2.5% after a long-term inflammatory or traumatic insult to the skin [16,17]. The main etiology tends to be post-burn scars and traumatic wounds [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, there is a consensus on the importance of chronic irritation. Repeated ulceration to the scar and subsequent initiation of re-epithelialization provides a prolonged stimulus for cellular proliferation and may increase the rate of spontaneous mutations [17,19,20]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marjolin’s ulcer: a preventable malignancy arising from scars

Long

Lujan-Hernandez

et al. 2013

World J Surg Onc

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BackgroundMarjolin’s ulcer (MU) is a rare malignancy arising from various forms of scars. This potentially fatal complication typically occurs after a certain latency period. This article attempts to reveal the importance of the latency period in the prevention and early treatment of the malignancy.MethodsA retrospective review of 17 MU patients who underwent surgical procedures between June of 2005 and December 2011 was conducted. Etiology of injuries, latency period, repeated ulceration, and outcomes were recorded. This observational report reveals characteristics of patients who develop MU.ResultsAn incidence of 0.7% of MU was found amongst patients complaining of existing scars in our study; burns and trauma were the most common etiology of MU. The mean latency period was 29 years (SD = 19) and the mean post-ulceration period was 7 years (SD = 9). Statistical analysis revealed a negative correlation between the age of patients at injury and the length of latency period (r = −0.8, P <0.01), as well as the lengths of pre-ulceration and post-ulceration periods (r = −0.7, P <0.01).ConclusionsPatients experience different lengths of pre- and post-ulceration periods during the latency period. Younger patients tend to have a longer latency period. Skin breakdown on chronic scars and chronic unhealed ulcers are two main sources of MU. MU may be preventable with a close surveillance of the ulcer during the latency period.

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“…Marjolin ulcer (MU) is an aggressive cutaneous malignancy that typically follows post-burn and/or post-traumatic lesions and scaring, as well as some chronic wounds (e.g., osteomyelitis, pressure sores, venous stasis ulcers, and dermatitis artefacta) [ 1 – 3 ]. The incidence of malignant transformation from burn scar tissue or other pathologic lesions is about 1% to 2% [ 4 , 5 ]. It takes 11 to 75 years from the initial injury to onset of malignant transformation, with an average of 30 to 36 years [ 1 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Analysis of Long Noncoding RNAs and Messenger RNAs Expression Profiles in Patients with Marjolin Ulcer

et al. 2018

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BackgroundMarjolin ulcer (MU) is an aggressive cutaneous malignancy. Typically, MU occurs over a period of time in post-burn and/or post-traumatic lesions and scars. However, the pathogenesis of scar carcinogenesis and MU development remains to be elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression profiling in MU, which could provide new information on the potential molecular mechanisms of MU development.Material/MethodsThe lncRNA microarray analysis was conducted in normal skin, scar, and MU tissue, and quantitative real-time PCR experiment was carried out to validate the reliability of the microarray data. Furthermore, a series of integrative bioinformatic approaches were applied to decipher the function of differentially expressed lncRNAs.ResultsA total of 7130 lncRNAs and 9867 mRNAs were differentially expressed among normal skin, scar, and MU tissues. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis demonstrated that these aberrantly expressed transcripts were mainly involved in cell cycle, immune response, and the p53 signaling pathway. Series Test of Cluster analysis indicated certain dysregulated lncRNAs were expressed with a gradually increasing or decreasing trend and might participated in malignant transformation of scar tissue postburn. Co-expression analysis showed 5 selected lncRNAs might regulate cell proliferation through the p53 signaling pathway. Finally, the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network indicated that lncRNA uc001oou.3 might be implicated in ceRNA mechanism during MU development.ConclusionsTaken together, our study implied the aberrant expression of lncRNAs may play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of MU, and the exact mechanism warrants further investigation.

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Squamous Cell Carcinoma Developing on Burn Scar

Abstract: Having high aggressive features, the suspicion of development of SCC in burn scar should be kept in mind, so patients with burn scar must be followed periodically.

Cited by 37 publications

References 12 publications

Clinical characteristics and therapeutic analysis of 51 patients with Marjolin's ulcers

Clinical characteristics and therapeutic analysis of 51 patients with Marjolin's ulcers

Marjolin’s ulcer: a preventable malignancy arising from scars

Comprehensive Analysis of Long Noncoding RNAs and Messenger RNAs Expression Profiles in Patients with Marjolin Ulcer

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