Squamous cell carcinoma and Merkel-cell carcinoma.
Diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations
of the Polish Dermatological Society

Lesiak, Aleksandra; Czuwara, Joanna; Kamińska‐Winciorek, Grażyna; Kiprian, Dorota; Maj, Joanna; Owczarek, Witold; Placek, Waldemar; Rudnicka, Lidia; Rutkowski, Piotr; Sobjanek, Michał; Sokołowska‐Wojdyło, Małgorzata; Szepietowski, Jacek C.; Zegarska, Barbara; Zegarski, Wojciech

doi:10.5114/dr.2019.85573

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(86 reference statements)

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“…Cutaneous SCC may occur on any part of the body, but the most common site is skin chronically exposed to UV radiation, such as head and neck (including lower lip and ears) comprising more than half of all cases of SCCs, followed by forearms and the dorsum of the hands. CSCC constitutes the most common skin cancer capable of metastasis formation [ 1 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main risk factors for cSCC development include chronic UV radiation, therapeutic UV light exposure, immunosuppression (especially in organ transplant recipients), exposure to carcinogenic chemicals, drugs, cigarette smoking, chronic skin ulcerations, HPV infections, Fitzpatrick type I or II skin characteristics [ 1 , 3 , 4 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) belongs to non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) defined as the proliferation of atypical neoplastic interfollicular epidermal suprabasal keratinocytes. Almost 20% of NMSC are cutaneous SCC and the incidence of cSCC rises due to intensifying ultraviolet (UV) exposure, advancing population age, enhanced public awareness of skin cancer screening and more frequent skin examinations by physicians [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Summary of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) risk factorsConductive factors of cSCC developmentPreventive factors of cSCC development• UV-radiation[1][2][3][4]14] …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of drugs and selected dietary factors in cutaneous squamous cell carcinogenesis

Damps¹,

Czuwara²,

Warszawik-Hendzel³

et al. 2021

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Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma represents the second most common non-melanoma skin cancer and its incidence increases worldwide. This review provides an overview of selected exogenous risk factors for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, which include drugs (azathioprine, calcineurin inhibitors, hydrochlorothiazide, angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors) and few dietary factors (fat meet, whole milk products, arsenic) to better understand squamous skin cancer etiopathogenesis. Ingredients such as leafy vegetables, nuts, fish, caffeine, niacin are preventive factors for cutaneous squamous cell cancer. The heart transplant recipients have an increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma development than kidney or liver transplant ones and switching photosensitizing azathioprine to mycophenolate mofetil can reduce the incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. The great attention should be paid to early change of cardiac photosensitizing antihypertensive drugs to non-photosensitizing ones among patients with a history of prior skin cancers and among organ transplant recipients. Based on current knowledge that ultra-violet radiation is the main risk factor for squamous cell carcinoma development, promotion of the skin self-examination, photoprotection, tanning bed avoidance and early skin cancer diagnosis is important for this tumour prevention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Summary of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) risk factorsConductive factors of cSCC developmentPreventive factors of cSCC development• UV-radiation[1][2][3][4]14] …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of drugs and selected dietary factors in cutaneous squamous cell carcinogenesis

Damps¹,

Czuwara²,

Warszawik-Hendzel³

et al. 2021

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“…The aetiology is not fully understood, and the risk factors include UV exposure, immunosuppression and polyoma infection (Merkel-cell polyavirus, Merkel-cell polyomavirus -MCPyV). It is usually diagnosed in elderly people over 50 years of age (mean age about 75 years) [36,37].…”

Section: Neuroendocrine Tumours Of Skin -Merkel Cell Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin manifestations of neuroendocrine neoplasms: review of the literature

Walecka¹,

Owczarek²,

Ciechanowicz³

et al. 2022

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Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a heterogeneous group of rare tumours derived from peptidergic neurons and specialized neuroendocrine cells capable of secreting various peptides or amines. These cells may be present in endocrine tissue or diffused in the tissues of the digestive or respiratory system. The article reviews the characteristic features of NENs, with particular emphasis on skin manifestations, such as necrolytic migratory erythema (NME), tongue inflammation, angular cheilitis, venous thrombosis and alopecia in glucagonoma; "flushing", "lion face", pellagra skin symptoms, "scleroderma-like features without Raynaud's phenomenon" in carcinoid tumours. The paper also presents the clinical picture of the neuroendocrine tumour of the skin -Merkel cell carcinoma. The aim of this study was to draw attention to the need for precise and comprehensive diagnosis of the patients, with particular emphasis on skin lesions as a revelator of neuroendocrine tumours. This management allows for the early implementation of appropriate treatment.

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Follow-up of Patients With Keratinocyte Carcinoma

et al. 2023

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ImportancePatients treated for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC), collectively called keratinocyte carcinoma (KC), are at risk for recurrence, metastasis, and additional primary cutaneous malignant neoplasms. It is unclear how often patients should be seen for follow-up skin examination after initial treatment of KC.ObjectiveTo summarize the recommendations and evaluate the methodological quality of clinical practice guidelines for dermatologic follow-up of patients with BCC and invasive SCC.Evidence ReviewPubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase were searched for relevant articles published from January 2010 to March 2022. Search terms included guideline, squamous cell carcinoma, and basal cell carcinoma. National or international guidelines containing recommendations for follow-up frequency after a diagnosis of localized cutaneous KC were included. Quality was assessed using the 6 domains of the Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II) tool: (1) scope and purpose; (2) stakeholder development; (3) rigor of development; (4) clarity of presentation; (5) applicability; and (6) editorial independence. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) was used to guide study reporting.FindingsAmong the 14 guidelines meeting eligibility criteria, there was little consensus on the appropriate follow-up frequency after initial KC treatment. Overall duration of follow-up ranged from a single posttreatment visit to lifelong surveillance. Most guidelines stratified their recommendations by recurrence risk. For low-risk BCC and guidelines that did not stratify by risk, follow-up recommendations ranged from every 6 to 12 months. For high-risk BCC, 1 guideline suggested follow-up every 3 months, while 4 recommended every 6 months. For low-risk SCC, 5 guidelines recommended annual follow-up; 3 guidelines, every 6 months; and 1 guideline, every 3 months. For high-risk SCC, recommendations included a range of follow-up frequencies, spanning every 3 months (n = 5 guidelines), 4 months (n = 1), 6 months (n = 6), or annually (n = 4). One guideline did not use risk stratification and recommended annual screening. The highest scoring AGREE II domain was “scope and purpose,” which assessed the guideline’s overall objectives, and the lowest scoring was “applicability,” which assessed barriers and facilitators to implementation.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this systemic review highlight variations in follow-up recommendations for patients after initial treatment for KC. Randomized clinical trials are needed to define an optimal follow-up regimen.

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Squamous cell carcinoma and Merkel-cell carcinoma. Diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations of the Polish Dermatological Society

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

The role of drugs and selected dietary factors in cutaneous squamous cell carcinogenesis

The role of drugs and selected dietary factors in cutaneous squamous cell carcinogenesis

Skin manifestations of neuroendocrine neoplasms: review of the literature

Follow-up of Patients With Keratinocyte Carcinoma

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