Sputum viscosity: correlation with chemical and clinical features in chronic bronchitis

Lopez-Vidriero, M T; Charman, Janet; Keal, E.E.; Silva, D. J. De; Reid, Lynne

doi:10.1136/thx.28.4.401

Cited by 50 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The material expectorated was considered to be sputum if the level of viscosity and concentration of the marker substances of bronchial glycoprotein were above that of the saliva of the same individual and fell within the range found in mucoid sputum from patients with chronic bronchitis (Keal, 1971;Keal and Reid, 1972;Lopez-Vidriero et al, 1973).…”

Section: Sputum Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bronchial secretion from normal human airways after inhalation of prostaglandin F2alpha, acetylcholine, histamine, and citric acid.

Lopez-Vidriero¹,

Das²,

Smith³

et al. 1977

Thorax

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Section: Sputum Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bronchial secretion from normal human airways after inhalation of prostaglandin F2alpha, acetylcholine, histamine, and citric acid.

Lopez-Vidriero¹,

Das²,

Smith³

et al. 1977

Thorax

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“…In the present study, adhesiveness was graded as previously described, (12) and, at the time of the evaluation of the variables, the samples were classified as adhesive (grade 1 or 2) or nonadhesive (grade 3 or 4). In order to avoid the problems related to the evaluation of small subgroups, including the possibility that a large number of subdivisions might not express markedly distinct types, we decided to classify the adhesiveness of the samples as one of only two types, following the example of systems used in order to classify samples by color.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(12) The samples that received adhesiveness grades of 1 or 2 were classified as adhesive, whereas those that received adhesiveness grades of 3 or 4 were classified as nonadhesive.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adesividade e purulência de secreções respiratórias: implicações no transporte mucociliar em pacientes com bronquiectasias

et al. 2010

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Objective: To analyze and compare the transport properties of respiratory secretions, classified by selected parameters, in individuals with bronchiectasis unrelated to cystic fibrosis. Methods: We collected mucus samples from 35 individuals with bronchiectasis unrelated to cystic fibrosis. The samples were first classified by their surface properties (adhesive or nonadhesive), as well as by their aspect (mucoid or purulent). We then tested the samples regarding relative transport velocity (RTV), displacement in a simulated cough machine (SCM), and contact angle (CA). For the proposed comparisons, we used ANOVA models, with a level of significance set at 5%. Results: In comparison with nonadhesive samples, adhesive samples showed significantly less displacement in the SCM, as well as a significantly higher CA (6.52 ± 1.88 cm vs. 8.93 ± 2.81 cm and 27.08 ± 6.13° vs. 22.53 ± 5.92°, respectively; p < 0.05 for both). The same was true in the comparison between purulent and mucoid samples (7.57 ± 0.22 cm vs. 9.04 ± 2.48 cm and 25.61 ± 6.12° vs. 21.71 ± 5.89°; p < 0.05 for both). There were no significant differences in RTV among the groups of samples, although the values were low regardless of the surface properties (adhesive: 0.81 ± 0.20; nonadhesive: 0.68 ± 0.24) or the aspect (purulent: 0.74 ± 0.22; mucoid: 0.82 ± 0.22). Conclusions: The respiratory secretions of patients with bronchiectasis showed decreased mucociliary transport. Increased adhesiveness and purulence cause the worsening of transport properties, as demonstrated by the lesser displacement in the SCM and the higher CA.Keywords: Bronchiectasis; Mucus; Mucociliary clearance; Adhesiveness. ResumoObjetivo: Analisar e comparar as propriedades de transporte de secreções respiratórias, classificadas através de parâmetros selecionados, de indivíduos com bronquiectasias não secundárias à fibrose cística. Métodos: Foram avaliadas amostras de muco respiratório, classificadas como com propriedades de superfície adesivas ou não adesivas, assim como com aspecto mucoide ou purulento, de 35 participantes com bronquiectasias não secundárias à fibrose cística, quanto a velocidade relativa de transporte (VRT), deslocamento em máquina simuladora de tosse (MST) e ângulo de contato (AC). Para as comparações propostas, foram utilizados modelos de ANOVA, com nível de significância estabelecido em 5%. Resultados: Houve uma diminuição significativa no deslocamento em MST, assim como um aumento significativo no AC, das amostras adesivas quando comparadas às não adesivas (6,52 ± 1,88 cm vs. 8,93 ± 2,81 cm e 27,08 ± 6,13° vs. 22,53 ± 5,92°, respectivamente; p < 0,05 para ambos). O mesmo ocorreu na comparação entre as amostras purulentas e mucoides (7,57 ± 0,22 cm vs. 9,04 ± 2,48 cm e 25,61 ± 6,12° vs. 21,71 ± 5,89°; p < 0,05 para ambos). Não houve diferença na VRT entre os grupos, embora os valores estivessem diminuídos, independentemente da adesividade (adesivas: 0,81 ± 0,20; não adesivas: 0,68 ± 0,24) ou do aspecto (purulentas: 0,74 ± 0,22; mucoides: 0,82 ± 0,22) das a...

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“…Thus, a required viscosity of~4.1 poise at 20 • C was obtained. The artificial sputum, which was used in the set of experiments, was formulated to mimic the properties of macroscopic mucoid type of natural sputum with a viscosity of 4.20 ± 0.4 poise [24] at shear rate of 90 s −1 .…”

Section: Preparation Of Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elution of Artificial Sputum from Swab by Rotating Magnetic Field-Induced Mechanical Impingement

2017

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Cotton-tipped applicator swabs are used as a collection device for many biological samples and its complete elution is a desired step for clinical and forensic diagnostics. Swabs are used to collect infectious body fluids, where the concentration of pathogens can range from 1 × 10 4 CFU/mL (colony forming units/mL) in respiratory-tract infections and 1 × 10 5 in urinary-tract infections, to up to 1 × 10 9 CFU/mL in salivary samples. These samples are then eluted and lysed, prior to DNA (De-oxy Ribonucleic Acid) analysis. The recovery of micro-organisms from a matrix of swab fibres depends on the nature of the body fluid, the type of the swab fibres, and the process of elution. Various methods to elute samples from swab include chemical digestion of fibres (~20% recovery), centrifugation (~58% recovery), piezoelectric vibration, or pressurized fluid-flow (~60% recovery). This study reports a magnetically-actuated physical impingement method for elution and recovery of artificial sputum samples from cotton fibres. A device has been fabricated to induce a rotating magnetic field on smaller magnetic particles in a vial that strikes the swab within a confined gap. Elution from the swab in this device was characterized using 2% Methyl cellulose in deionised water, loaded with fluorescent-tagged polystyrene beads and E. coli at various concentrations. The recovery efficiency was found to increase with both rotational speed and elution time, but plateaus after 400 RPM (Revolutions per minute) and 120 s, respectively. At a higher concentration of polystyrene beads (5 × 10 8 particles/mL), a maximum recovery of~85% was achieved. With lower concentration, (1 × 10 5 particles/mL) the maximum efficiency (~92.8%) was found to be almost twice of passive elution (46.7%). In the case of E. coli, the corresponding recovery efficiency at 3.35 × 10 5 CFU/mL is 90.4% at 500 RPM and 120 s. This elution method is expected to have a wide applicability in clinical diagnostics.

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Sputum viscosity: correlation with chemical and clinical features in chronic bronchitis

Cited by 50 publications

References 15 publications

Bronchial secretion from normal human airways after inhalation of prostaglandin F2alpha, acetylcholine, histamine, and citric acid.

Bronchial secretion from normal human airways after inhalation of prostaglandin F2alpha, acetylcholine, histamine, and citric acid.

Adesividade e purulência de secreções respiratórias: implicações no transporte mucociliar em pacientes com bronquiectasias

Elution of Artificial Sputum from Swab by Rotating Magnetic Field-Induced Mechanical Impingement

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