Sputnik V Effectiveness against Hospitalization with COVID-19 during Omicron Dominance

Abstract

Mass vaccination campaigns against COVID-19 affected more than 90% of the population in most developed countries. The new epidemiologic wave of COVID-19 has been ongoing since the end of 2021. It is caused by a virus variant B.1.1.529, also known as “Omicron” and its descendants. The effectiveness of major vaccines against Omicron is not known. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the Sputnik V vaccine. The main goal is to assess its protection against hospitalization in the period of Omicron dominance. We conducted our study based on a large clinical center in Moscow (Russia) where 1112 patients were included. We used the case-population method to perform the calculations. The data we obtained indicate that the Omicron variant causes at least 90% of infections in the studied cohort. The effectiveness of protection against hospitalization with COVID-19 in our study was 85.9% (95% CI 83.0–88.0%) for those who received more than one dose. It was 87.6% (95% CI 85.4–89.5%) and 97.0% (95% CI 95.9–97.8%) for those who received more than two or three doses. The effectiveness in cases of more severe forms was higher than for less severe ones. Thus, present study indicates the high protective efficacy of vaccination against hospitalization with COVID-19 in case of Omicron lineage.

Estimation of Vaccine Effectiveness of CoronaVac and BNT162b2 Against Severe Outcomes Over Time Among Patients With SARS-CoV-2 Omicron

“…Another single-center study used a population with positive COVID-19 PCR test on hospital admission and found that the VE of 2 or more doses of Sputnik V (Gamaleya Research Centre) against severe and critical conditions remained greater than 90%. 18 The inclusion of patients with the Delta variant and receiving a different vaccine type in their study affects the compatibility of their findings with ours.…”

“…Their finding is inconsistent with our study, likely due to a comparatively longer time after the third dose in that population, provided that the waning postdose protection of BNT162b2 was similar to what we observed in our study. Another single-center study used a population with positive COVID-19 PCR test on hospital admission and found that the VE of 2 or more doses of Sputnik V (Gamaleya Research Centre) against severe and critical conditions remained greater than 90% . The inclusion of patients with the Delta variant and receiving a different vaccine type in their study affects the compatibility of their findings with ours.…”

Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Major Genetic Lineages in Moscow in the Context of Vaccine Prophylaxis

“…Our earlier results for the BA.1, BA.1.1, and BA.2 lines indicate that the efficacy of Sputnik V vaccination in protecting against severe disease remains quite high [ 45 ]. However, the continued emergence of new infections and the recurrent occurrence of mutations that increase binding to the ACE2 receptor (L452R and F486V) in later variants of Omicron (BA.4.X and BA.5.X) indicate a significant decrease in vaccine effectiveness, which highlights the need to update the vaccines used in Moscow.…”

Analysis of Prevention of COVID-19 Transmission Measures in People with HIV-AIDS at Jumpandang Baru Public Health Center, Makassar City

“…This is consistent with the findings of the study (26) indicating that HIV-positive individuals who received the COVID-19 vaccine exhibited positive outcomes and received the same benefits as other individuals. Using a standard vaccination regimen protected exposure to COVID-19 among people living with HIV-AIDS (PLWHA) with CD4+> 350 cells/L, according to the same study conducted by (27). WHO (2020) currently recommends the use of COVID-19 vaccines (AstraZeneca/ Oxford, Johnson and Johnson, Moderna, Pfizer/ BioNTech, Sinopharm, and Sinovac) to protect HIV-positive individuals from COVID-19.…”