Spring triticale collection as a source of starting materials for breeding

Abstract

Aim. To create a bank of genetic diversity of spring triticale to provide starting materials for breeding, scientific, and educational programs, and to select sources and donors of valuable economic traits. Results and Discussion. The approaches to and results of the formation of a basic collection and evaluation of spring triticale accessions at the National Center for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine are presented. Based on the results assessments, sources of valuable economic traits were identified: early ripening (41–42 days prior to earing) – YaTKh70-21, YaTKh42-21, YaTKh17-21 (UKR); high yield (502–556g/m2) – Lehit, YaTKh175-21, YaTKh87-21, YaTKh23-23, YaTKh29-23, YaTKh31-23, YaTKh32-23 (UKR); plant height: semi-dwarfs (≤ 72cm) – Kripost Kharkivska (UKR); short-stemmed (73–92cm) – Bulat Kharkivskyi, Svoboda Kharkivska, YaTKh23-23, YaTKh29-23, YaTKh32-23, YaTKh33-23, YaTKh188-23 (UKR); medium-tall (93-109cm) – Lehit, YaTKh175-21, YaTKh87-21, YaTKh25-21, YaTKh25-23, YaTKh31-23, YaTKh34-23, YaTKh131-23, YaTKh144-23, YaTKh199-23 (UKR); tall (≥ 110 cm) – YaTKh150-23 (UKR); easy threshing – Lehit, YaTKh135-21, YaTKh125-21 (UKR); good threshing – YaTKh25-21, YaTKh1417-20 (UKR); high thousand kernel weight (46.5–50.1g) – Lehit, Bulat Kharkivskyi, YaTKh19-21, YaTKh146-21, YaTKh131-23, YaTKh24-23, YaTKh69-23, YaTKh121-23, YaTKh 31-23 (UKR); kernel hardness (hard) – TKhZ178-23 (UKR). Conclusions. The basic collection of the genetic diversity of spring triticale includes 2,154 accessions from 26 countries worldwide. All collection accessions have been passported. 90 % of the accessions have been deposited in the National Depository for medium or long-term preservation. Reference accessions for several valuable economic characteristics were selected: plant height, growing period, resistance to lodging, diseases and pests, valuable characteristics of the spike and grain, technological properties.