Spring top-dressings of ‘Nitro-Chalk’ and late sprays of a liquid N-fertilizer and a broad spectrum fungicide for consecutive crops of winter wheat at Saxmundham, Suffolk

Penny, A.; Widdowson, F. V.; Jenkyn, J. F.

doi:10.1017/s0021859600056021

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…This demonstrated that the higher grain N yields of L94491 were due to its higher grain N concentration compared with other genotypes. Genotypes with little response of grain yield to N may respond to N fertilization with an increase in grain N concentration, because the accumulated N is not diluted by carbohydrates (Penny et al. 1978, Kosmolak and Crowle 1980).…”

Section: Components Of Nue With and Without N Fertilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Spring Wheat Genotypes under Field and Lysimeter Conditions

Noulas¹,

Stamp²,

Soldati³

et al. 2004

J Agronomy Crop Science

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Lysimeters and neighbouring fields were used from 1998 to 2000 to assess parameters of N use efficiency of three Swiss spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes. An old (Albis), a new (Toronit) and an experimental genotype (L94491) were compared with no and ample (250 kg N ha−1) N fertilizer supply. N fertilization increased biomass, grain yield and grain N concentration of all genotypes in all years and in both testing systems (field, lysimeters) but only a few genotype × N interactions were observed. Generally, Toronit was superior in producing biomass and grain yield and L94491 in accumulating N in the grain resulting in identical N biomass yields. Albis showed the lowest and Toronit the highest fertilizer recovery, irrespective of the method of calculation (15N or difference method). The medium yielding L94491 recovered similar amounts of fertilizer N as Toronit, mainly due to the high N concentration in the biomass. The ranking of the genotypes for the investigated traits was similar in both testing systems and results comparable with those reported in the literature, indicating that the lysimeter facility is suitable for investigations of agronomic traits on soil–plant relationships, where a constant recording of the soil properties is required.

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Section: Components Of Nue With and Without N Fertilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Spring Wheat Genotypes under Field and Lysimeter Conditions

Noulas¹,

Stamp²,

Soldati³

et al. 2004

J Agronomy Crop Science

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“…Late sprays of liquid N-fertilizer tended to increase mildew severity in each year although in experiments on wheat it has often had the opposite effect (Penny & Jenkyn, 1975;Penny, Widdowson & Jenkyn, 1978). The liquid fertilizer did tend to decrease rust but we do not know why the two pathogens should have been differently affected, especially as Erysiphe graminis, with its more superficial growth habit, would be expected to be the more vulnerable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…On average, fungicides applied to control mildew and brown rust increased yields most in 1975 and 1978 respectively, results which were broadly consistent with the observed severities of the two diseases in the 4 years. The effects of the fungicides were additive and controlling both diseases gave average yield increases in 1975in , 1977in and 1978in of 0-41, 0-47 and 0-51 t/ha, respectively. Conversely, in 1976 year of exceptional drought, there was no benefit from using fungicides and indeed a suggestion that mildew control may have decreased yield.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though late sprays of liquid N-fertilizer increased grain % N, they decreased grain size and so increased yields less than granular N-fertilizer given earlier. This technique seems therefore less fitted to spring barley than to winter wheat where not only % N but also grain size was enhanced by late N sprays (Penny et al 1978 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They were on Grove Plot in 1975 and 1976 and on a site previously used for a continuous wheat experiment (Widdowson, Johnston & Penny, 1980) in 1977and 1978. The previous crop was always another cereal and the land was ploughed each year.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Results from factorial experiments testing amounts and times of granular N-fertilizer, late sprays of liquid N-fertilizer and fungicides to control mildew and brown rust on two varieties of spring barley at Saxmundham, Suffolk 1975–8

1982

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Experiments with spring barley at Saxmundham, in each year from 1975 to 1978, compared two varieties (Julia v. Wing), two amounts of granular N-fertilizer (50 v. 100 kg N/ha) and two times of applying it (seed bed v. top-dressing), a liquid N-fertilizer spray (0 v. 50 kg N/ha), mildew fungicides (with and without) and a rust fungicide (with and without), in factorial combination (2 6 ).Leaf diseases were assessed and grain weighed and analysed for % N each year. Thousand-grain weights were measured in 1977 and 1978.Yields were small in 1975 and 1976 because little rain fell in summer, but larger in 1977 and 1978, years with average rainfall.Mildew was most severe in 1975 and least in 1978, brown rust most severe in 1975 and 1978 and practically absent in 1976. Granular N-fertilizer was best applied to the seed bed in all years, whether or not leaf diseases were controlled. Late sprays of liquid N-fertilizer increased yield less than equivalent amounts of seed-bed N, but increased % N in grain more. However, because they also decreased grain size, less of the N applied as a liquid was recovered by grain than was recovered from granules given earlier. The mildew fungicides increased yields by ca. 0-25 t/ha in 1975 and 1977, but decreased them in 1976. They had little or no effect on % N in grain, but increased grain size in 1977. The rust fungicide, benodanil, increased grain yields each year and especially in 1978 (0-37 t/ha). It had no effect on grain % N, but consistently increased grain size and so enhanced grain yield and N uptake.

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Yield variation of wheat and barley in Britain in relation to crop growth and soil conditions—A review

Gales

1983

J Sci Food Agric

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Yields of cereals in Britain vary between sites and between years, and average farm yields are less than half of the calculated potential maximum yield. Yield variation is discussed in relation to soil conditions and root growth. An analysis of yield and its components of winter wheat for several sites over several years shows that yield is strongly correlated with number of grains per ear, and number of ears per unit area. These components of yield are influenced by environmental conditions during the reproductive phase of development, particularly light interception, nitrogen absorption and plant water stress. Crop growth analysis shows that total dry matter production is strongly correlated with light absorption,' which depends on seasonal variation in leaf area index. Leaf expansion in the field is mainly dependent on temperature, plant water stress, and nitrogen absorption. The environmental factors that are believed to have a strong influence on number of grains per ear, number of ears per unit area, and leaf expansion are discussed. Subjects in which further research is needed are identified. These include: effects of restrictions to root growth on absorption of nutrients and water; effects of soil temperature on leaf expansion and nutrient absorption ; the nitrogen requirements of the cereal crop, including the effects of temporary deficiencies of N on the final grain yield.

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Spring top-dressings of ‘Nitro-Chalk’ and late sprays of a liquid N-fertilizer and a broad spectrum fungicide for consecutive crops of winter wheat at Saxmundham, Suffolk

Cited by 16 publications

References 5 publications

Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Spring Wheat Genotypes under Field and Lysimeter Conditions

Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Spring Wheat Genotypes under Field and Lysimeter Conditions

Results from factorial experiments testing amounts and times of granular N-fertilizer, late sprays of liquid N-fertilizer and fungicides to control mildew and brown rust on two varieties of spring barley at Saxmundham, Suffolk 1975–8

Yield variation of wheat and barley in Britain in relation to crop growth and soil conditions—A review

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